Uyilo lwesiseko seebhetri ze-lithium -
Imigaqo yoYilo eyiSiseko
Uyilo lwebhetri kufuneka lusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zesixhobo sombane kunye neempawu zombaneibhetringokwayo. Okokuqala, iiparitha zobugcisa zecandelo ngalinye, kubandakanywa i-electrodes, i-electrolyte, i-separator, kunye ne-casing, kufuneka ichazwe ngokucacileyo. Ngaphaya koko, iiparamitha zenkqubo yokuvelisa kufuneka zilungiswe kakuhle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ipakethe yokugqibela yebhetri idibana neenkcukacha ezimiselweyo kunye nezalathisi zokusebenza (ezifana nombane, umthamo, kunye nomthamo). Uyilo olufanelekileyo nolusebenzayo lubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwebhetri kusetyenziso lokwenene; ngoko ke, ukulandela isisombululo esisiso kuyo yonke inkqubo yoyilo kubaluleke kakhulu.
IiMfuno zoYilo
Kuyilo lwebhetri, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iimfuno ezithile zesixhobo ekujoliswe kuzo kwiiparamitha zokusebenza kwebhetri kunye nendawo yokusebenza kwayo. Ngokubanzi, ezi zinto zilandelayo zibalulekileyo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
(1) Amandla ombane ebhetri.
(2) Ibhetri esebenza ngoku, oko kukuthi, ukukhutshwa okuqhelekileyo kwangoku kunye nesantya esiphezulu.
(3) Ixesha lokusebenza kwebhetri, kubandakanywa ixesha eliqhubekayo lokukhutshwa, ubomi benkonzo, okanye ubomi bomjikelezo.
(4) Indawo yokusebenza kwebhetri, kubandakanywa ubushushu be-ambient, njl.
(5) Ubuninzi bebhetri obuvumelekileyo.
Iibhetri zeLithium -zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwizicelo ezithile, kufuneka zihlangabezane noluhlu lweemfuno ezongezelelweyo, ezifana nokumelana nokothuka kunye nokungcangcazela, ukuziqhelanisa namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, nokusebenza kwindawo{2}}zoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Xa uyilwa ezi bhetri, ukongeza ekuthatheni ingqalelo ezi mpawu zisisiseko zomzimba, kuyafuneka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi imiba efana nokukhethwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, imiba ephambili emisela iimpawu zebhetri, ukusebenza ngokubanzi, iinkqubo zokuvelisa,-uhlalutyo lwenzuzo, kunye nobushushu bokusebenza.
Iimpawu eziphambili zokuvavanya ukusebenza kweebhetri zamandla
Ukusebenza kwebhetri ngokuqhelekileyo kuvavanywa ngale miba ilandelayo:
1) Umthamo
Umthamo webhetri ubhekisa kwisixa esipheleleyo sombane ibhetri enokubonelela ngawo phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokukhupha. Le ngcamango iqhele ukubonakaliswa njengemveliso yangoku kunye nexesha, kwaye ilinganiswa ngokubanzi ngeyure-zeyure (Ah). Le parameter ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubuninzi bebhetri yangoku kunye nobude bokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
2) Iimpawu zokukhupha kunye nokuchasana kwangaphakathi
Iimpawu zokukhupha ibhetri zibonakalisa uzinzo lombane wokuphuma kwayo, i-voltage Plateau, kunye -nokusebenza kwayo ngokuphezulu kokukhupha phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ezi zizalathisi ezibalulekileyo zokulinganisa umthamo womthwalo webhetri. Ngapha koko, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokumelana nebhetri: ukumelana ne-ohmic yangaphakathi kunye ne-polarization yangaphakathi. Ezi ndidi zimbini zokuchasana kwangaphakathi zinefuthe elibalulekileyo ekukhutshelweni kuko konke ngexesha lokukhutshwa okuphezulu{4} kwangoku.
3) Uluhlu lobushushu obusebenzayo
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezixhobo zombane phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, iibhetri kufuneka zigcine ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elithile lokushisa.
4) Ukugcinwa kokuSebenza
Emva kwexesha elithile logcino, ukusebenza kwebhetri kunokutshintsha ngenxa yezinto ezohlukeneyo, ezikhokelela ekubeni{0}}zizikhuphe, ukuvuza kwe-electrolyte, iisekethi ezimfutshane, njalo njalo, kuchaphazele ukusebenza kwayo.
5) Ukusebenza kweCycle
Ukusebenza komjikelo kubhekisa kwinani lentlawulo{0}}lokukhupha ibhetri enokumelana nayo phantsi kwentlawulo ethile{1}}imithetho yokukhupha de ukusebenza kwayo kwehle ukuya kwinqanaba elimiselweyo. Sesinye sezalathi ezibalulekileyo zokuvavanya ukuthembeka{3}}kwexesha elide kwebhetri.
6) Iimpawu zoKhuseleko
Ukhuseleko lwebhetri lubonakaliswa ikakhulu kwinqanaba lokhuseleko phantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga zokusetyenziswa. Ezi meko zokusetyenziswa zingaqhelekanga ziquka ukutshaja, iisekethe ezimfutshane, uvavanyo lokungena kwezikhonkwane, uvavanyo lokutyumza, ukuvezwa kwebhokisi eshushu, iimpembelelo zento enzima, kunye nokungcangcazela. Ukukwazi kwebhetri ukumelana nezi meko zinzima ngomnye wemiba ephambili ekumiseleni ukufaneleka kwayo kusetyenziso olukhulu-.
Izixhobo zokulungiselela kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi ze-electrode
ukulungiselela
Izinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zizinto eziphambili ze-lithium -ibhetri zeion, ezifana ne-electrode ekhangayo njenge-LFePO4 okanye i-LiCoO2, kunye ne-electrode engalunganga njengegraphite okanye i-silicon/carbon. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungiselela. Eli candelo lisebenzisa izinto ze-ternary positive electrode njengomzekelo wokwazisa izixhobo ezifunekayo kwinkqubo yokulungiselela.
Ubume beempawu
Izinto eziphambili ze-lithium -ibhetri ze-ion, ezifana nemathiriyeli ye-electrode ekhangayo kunye ne-negative, zizinto zonke ezisebenzayo ze-electrochemical ezichaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-electrochemical ye-lithium{1}}ibhetri ze-ion. Kukho izibonakaliso ezininzi zobugcisa ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lemveliso kunye nophuhliso lwezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokuveliswa kwebhetri kunye nesicelo, kodwa ngokukodwa ziwela kwiindidi ezintathu: udidi lokuqala luyi-crystal structure kunye ne-microstructure; udidi lwesibini luphawu lwezixhobo ze-physicochemical, kubandakanywa ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani besuntswana, indawo ethile yomhlaba, ukuxinana kwempompo, kunye nokwakheka kwezinto (kubandakanywa ukungcola); kwaye udidi lwesithathu luneempawu zokusebenza kwe-electrochemical, ezifana nomthamo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqala, kunye ne-electrochemical impedance. Ukufunyanwa kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezalathi ezahlukeneyo ze-lithium -yeyona nto iphambili yebhetri ibaluleke kakhulu kuphando lwezinto kunye nophuhliso, ulawulo lwemveliso, kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho.
Iqhosha le-lithium{0}}isixhobo sokwenza ibhetri ye-ion
Iseli yengqekembe, eyaziwa ngokuba yiseli yeqhosha okanye isiqingatha -seseli, ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa isinyithi se-lithium njenge-electrode engalunganga kunye ne-electrode esebenzayo njenge-electrode efanelekileyo; okanye isinyithi se-lithium njenge-electrode efanelekileyo kunye ne-electrode engafanelekanga njenge-electrode engafanelekanga. Ubungakanani bayo obuncinci, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphantsi kwi-electrode fabrication, kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwenza kube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sophuhliso kunye nokuvavanywa kwezinto ezisebenzayo ze-lithium- iibhetri ze-ion.
Kwinqanaba lokwenziwa kwe-electrode, izixhobo kunye nee-reagents ezifunekayo ziquka izinto ezintle kunye nezibi ze-electrode, i-conductive agents, i-binders, kunye nabaqokeleli bangoku. Okokuqala, izinto ezisebenzayo kunye ne-electrode esebenzayo, i-conductive agents, kunye ne-binders zixutywe ngokufanayo kumlinganiselo othile usebenzisa ukugaya ngesandla okanye i-homogenization yomatshini. Emva koko, i-slurry ebangelwayo ifakwe kumqokeleli wangoku ohambelanayo. Kwingubo yebhubhoratri, indlela yokugqoka inqunywe ngokusekelwe kwisixa se-slurry. Kwii-slurries ezinkulu, umatshini omncinci wokugquma usetyenziswa (Umfanekiso (a)); kwi-slurries encinci, ifilimu{4}}isixhobo sokwenza isetyenziselwa ukugquma ngesandla (Figure (b)). Emva koko i-electrode yomiswa kwi-oven yokumisa kwaye ihlanganiswe ngokucinezela i-roller. I-Slicing yinkqubo yokusika ngokuchanekileyo i-electrode kwiinqununu zesetyhula. Ngokubanzi, irola{8}}i-electrode ecinezelweyo iyabotshwa phakathi kwephepha lokuweyisha kwaye ibekwe kumatshini wokungqinga ngokukhawuleza ukukhupha amaqhekeza amancinane e-electrode. I-diameter yamaqhekeza amancinci e-electrode inokulungiswa ngokubetha ubungakanani bokufa komatshini wokubhoboza.
