Iinkqubo zokugcinwa kweebhetri zeTelecom zisebenza ngokugcina amandla ombane kwiibhanki zebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezibonelela ngamandla kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano xa igridi engundoqo isilela. Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla eDC, iindlela zokutshintsha ezikrelekrele, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri ukuhambisa amandla angaphazamisekiyo angama-48V kwiinqaba zeseli, izikhululo ezisisiseko, kunye namaziko edatha.
Indlela engundoqo yokuSebenza
Ukusebenza okusisiseko kweesistim zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom kuxhomekeke kumacandelo amathathu adibeneyo asebenza ngolungelelwaniso. Entliziyweni kuhleli ibhanki yebhetri, equlathe iiseli ezininzi eziqhagamshelwe kuthotho ukufikelela umgangatho oqhelekileyo we-48V DC ofunwa luninzi lwezixhobo zonxibelelwano. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwegridi eqhelekileyo, isilungisi sisoloko siguqula amandla angenayo e-AC ukuya kwi-DC ngelixa kwangaxeshanye igcina ibhanki yebhetri ngentlawulo epheleleyo ngokutshaja okudadayo.
Xa amandla egridi ephazamiseka, iswitshi yokutshintshela ngokuzenzekelayo ibona ukuhla kwamandla ombane ngaphakathi kwe-milliseconds kwaye iguqule ngokungenamthungo umthwalo kumandla ebhetri. Olu tshintsho lwenzeka ngokukhawuleza -kaninzi ngaphantsi kwe-2 millisecond{3}}kangangokuba isixhobo sonxibelelwano lwefowuni olunovakalelo lungabi nasiphazamiso ekusebenzeni. Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri isoloko ibeka iliso kumandla ombane weeseli, amaqondo obushushu, kunye namazinga okukhupha ukuze kunyuswe unikezelo lwamandla kunye nokukhusela kwiimeko ezingaphezulu{5} zokukhupha ezinokuthi zonakalise ngokusisigxina iibhetri.
Iinkqubo zanamhlanje zisebenzisa ulawulo lomthwalo olukrelekrele olubeka phambili izixhobo ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lokungabikho okwandisiweyo. Ukuba ubude bexesha logcino lungaphezulu koqikelelo, inkqubo inokukhupha ngokuzenzekelayo{1}}imithwalo engabalulekanga ukwandisa ixesha lokusebenzela{2}}iziseko zonxibelelwano ezibalulekileyo.
I-Chemistry yeBattery kunye ne-Energy Storage Architecture
Iinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri yeTelecom ikakhulu zisebenzisa iikhemistri ezimbini zebhetri, nganye ineempawu zokusebenza ezahlukileyo. Ivalve -elawulwa ilothe{2} iibhetri zeasidi kudala zasebenza njengomgangatho woshishino, ukugcina amandla ngokusabela kwe-electrochemical phakathi kweepleyiti ze-lead dioxide kunye ne-sponge lead negative plates ezintywiliselwe kwi-electrolyte ye-sulfuric acid. Ezi bhetri zihambisa amandla ombane angaguqukiyo kwaye zijongana nemijikelo ephindaphindiweyo yokukhupha engekho nzulu eqhelekileyo kwizicelo zogcino.
Iibhetri zeLithium iron phosphate zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza ilothe{{0}iasidi kusetyenziso lwangoku ngenxa yoxinano lwamandla kunye nobomi bomjikelezo. Iibhetri ze-LiFP zigcina amandla aphindwe ka-2 ukuya kwi-3 ngaphezulu kwekhilogram nganye kwaye zigcina amandla ombane azinzileyo kwi-80% yegophe lazo lokukhupha, xa kuthelekiswa nokwehla kancinci kombane welothe{5}. Le profayile yokukhutshwa kweflethi ithetha ukuba izixhobo zonxibelelwano zifumana umgangatho wamandla ongaguqukiyo njengoko ibhetri iphelelwa.
Ulwakhiwo lomzimba ludla ngokucwangcisa iiseli zomntu ngamnye zibe yimitya edibanisa kuthotho ukufezekisa amandla ombane afunekayo. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-48V inokusebenzisa iiseli zeasidi ezingama-24 ({3}}eziyi-2V nganye) okanye iiseli ze-lithium ezili-16 (3.2V nganye). Iintambo ezininzi zinokunxulunyaniswa ukwandisa umthamo opheleleyo kunye nexesha lokusebenza. Indawo evalekileyo yebhetri iquka ulawulo lobushushu{9}kufakelo oluninzi, nangona iinkqubo zokusebenza eziphezulu{10}}zinokusebenzisa ukupholisa okusebenzayo okanye iteknoloji yokuntywila yokupholisa abanye abavelisi ngoku ukukhuthaza ukhuseleko kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri.
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kunye neNkqubo yokusabalalisa
Ukuhamba kwamandla kwiinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom kubandakanya izigaba ezininzi zokuguqulwa ezigcina uzinzo lombane kunye nomgangatho wamandla. Inkqubo iqala ngoguqulelo lwe-AC-ukuya{2}}kwi-DC ngokusebenzisa izilungisi eziguqula amandla egridi abe yi-48V DC efunwa zizixhobo zonxibelelwano. Ezi zihlaziyi zibandakanya ukulungiswa kwezinto zamandla ukunciphisa amandla asebenzayo kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusebenza kakuhle.
Isiphumo sokulungisa sondla iindlela ezimbini ezinxuseneyo ngaxeshanye. Indlela enye ibonelela ngomthwalo wonxibelelwano ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesiqhelo. Indlela yesibini ihlawulisa ibhanki yebhetri, kunye nokutshaja kwangoku kuzilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yentlawulo yebhetri. Njengoko iibhetri zisondela ekutshajisweni ngokupheleleyo, isistim iyatshintsha ukusuka ekutshajisweni kwesambuku ukuya ekutshajisweni okudadayo, igcina iibhetri zikwiqondo lombane elilelona liphezulu ngaphandle kokutshaja ngaphezulu.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-backup, iibhetri ziphuma nge-DC{0}}iziguquli ze-DC ezilawula amandla ombane aphumayo nangona amandla ebhetri ehla. Ezi ziguquli ziqinisekisa iziphumo ezizinzileyo ze-48V nanjengoko amandla ombane ebhetri ehla ukusuka kwi-56V (ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo) ukuya kwi-42V (i-80% ikhutshiwe). Ngaphandle kwalo mmiselo, izixhobo ezinovakalelo ziya kuba nokuhla kwamandla ombane okunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukuvalwa.
Inkqubo yokusabalalisa idibanisa ii-circuit breakers kunye ne-fuses ezikhusela kwiisekethe ezimfutshane kunye neemeko zokulayisha ngaphezulu. Ufakelo oluninzi lusebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwamandla asasaziweyo, apho iintambo zebhetri ezizimeleyo zineentsimbi okanye iizowuni. Olu lwahlulo luphucula ukuthembeka{2}}ukusilela kumtya omnye akungqubanisi inkqubo yonke{3}}kwaye lwenza lula ulungiso ngokuvumela amagcisa ukuba akhonze icandelo elinye ngelixa amanye ehlala esebenza.
IiNkqubo zokuBeka iliso eziBukrelekrele kunye noLawulo
Iisistim zangoku ze-telecom zogcino lwebhetri zibandakanya iinkqubo zolawulo lweebhetri ezinobunkunkqele ezithi gqolo zilandelela amashumi eeparamitha kwiseli nganye. I-BMS ibeka iliso kwii-voltages zeseli nganye ukuze ibone ukungalingani okubonisa iiseli ezisilelayo okanye ukuguga okungalinganiyo. Izinzwa zobushushu kwiindawo ezininzi zichonga iindawo ezishushu ezinokubonisa iingxaki zangaphakathi zokuchasa okanye ukupholisa okungonelanga.
I-algorithms yemeko yentlawulo idibanisa i-voltage, yangoku, kunye nedatha yobushushu ukubala umthamo oseleyo kwaye uqikelele ixesha lokusebenza phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo wangoku. Olu lwazi lungena kwiideshbhodi zokubeka iliso ezilumkisa abaqhubi xa iibhetri zingaphantsi kwemilinganiselo yentlawulo ephantsi okanye xa amazinga okukhupha edlula kwimida ekhuselekileyo. Inkqubo igcina yonke idatha yokusebenza, idala iirekhodi zembali ezibonisa iindlela zokusebenza kunye nokwenza ukugcinwa kwangaphambili.
Iinkqubo eziphambili zisebenzisa iisekethe zokulinganisa iiseli ezilinganisa intlawulo kuzo zonke iiseli kumtya. Kwiibhetri ze-lithium, kwanomohluko omncinci wombane phakathi kweeseli unokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini kwangaphambili kweyona seli ibuthathaka, ethi ke ithintele umthamo womtya wonke. Iisekethe ezisebenzayo zokulinganisa ukuhambisa intlawulo ukusuka kwiiseli ezomeleleyo ukuya kwezo zibuthathaka, ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okufanayo kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwenkqubo.
Izakhono zokubeka iliso ezikude zivumela abaqhubi ukuba babeke iliso kwiisayithi ezininzi ukusuka kumaziko omsebenzi wothungelwano oluphakathi. I-BMS iqhagamshela nge-Ethernet, i-ModBus, okanye ikhonkco leselula ukuthumela{1}}uhlaziyo lwexesha lokwenyani kunye nezaziso ze-alam. Xa iibhetri zisondela esiphelweni-zo{4}}zobomi okanye iimeko zokusingqongileyo zigqithisa iiparamitha ezikhuselekileyo, isixokelelwano sizenza ngokuzenzekelayo iiodolo zomsebenzi wogcino phambi kokuba ukusilela kwenzeke.
Iindlela zokuSebenza kunye noLawulo lomthwalo
Iinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri yeTelecom zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezenza ngcono ukusebenza kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Imowudi yokudada imele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo xa amandla egridi ekhona. Umhlaziyi ubonelela ngomthwalo wonxibelelwano ngefowuni ngelixa ugcina iibhetri kumbane odadayo{2}}ngokuqhelekileyo yi-54.0V kwiinkqubo ezingama-48V. Lo mgangatho wombane unqanda i-sulfation kwiibhetri ze-lead{6}} kwaye zigcina ukulungela ngaphandle kokutshaja kakhulu.
Xa inkqubo ibona ukusilela kwegridi, itshintshela ngoko nangoko kwimowudi yogcino. Iibhetri ziqala ukukhupha ukuxhasa umthwalo opheleleyo, kunye ne-BMS ngokuqhubekayo ibala ixesha eliseleyo lokusebenzisa ngokusekelwe kwidrayivu yangoku. Ukuba ukucima kudlulela ngaphaya kwexesha eliyiliweyo logcino, ezinye iinkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo ziphumeza iiprothokholi zokucinywa komthwalo eziqhawula{2}}izixhobo ezingabalulekanga ukugcina amandla kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo.
Imowudi ye-Boost iyasebenza emva kokukhutshwa okwandisiweyo okanye xa iibhetri zifuna ukulingana. Umbane wokutshaja uyenyuka ukuya ku-56-58V iiyure ezininzi, uqhuba i-overcharge elawulwayo ebuyisela umva i-sulfation kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid kwaye iqinisekisa ukutshaja okupheleleyo kwazo zonke iiseli. I-BMS ibeka esweni le nkqubo ngononophelo ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kwegesi okugqithisileyo okanye ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu.
Iinkqubo ze-Hybrid ezidibanisa iipaneli zelanga okanye ii-injini zomoya zisebenza kwimodi yokulawula amandla, apho umlawuli ukhulisa ukuhamba kwamandla ukusuka kwimithombo emininzi. Ngexesha lokukhanya kwemini, ukuveliswa kwelanga kunokubonelela ngothungelwano lonxibelelwano ngokuthe ngqo ngelixa utshaja iibhetri kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwegridi. Le modi ifuna ii-algorithms ezintsonkothileyo ezilungelelanisa ukuguquguquka kokuveliswa okuvuselelekayo, iimfuno zomthwalo, kunye nemeko yebhetri yentlawulo ukwandisa ukuzimela kwamandla.
Ukudityaniswa neZiseko zoNxibelelwano lwezoNxibelelwano
Ukudityaniswa kweenkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom kwiziseko ezingundoqo ezikhoyo kulandela ujongano olusemgangathweni kunye neeprothokholi. Ibhasi ye-48V DC imele idinominator eqhelekileyo-la mandla ombane avele njengomgangatho woshishino kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo kuba ahlala engaphantsi kwe-50V yomqobo efuna iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko ezikhethekileyo ngelixa ibonelela ngonikezelo lwamandla olusebenzayo kumgama wesiza.
Iisistim zebhetri ziqhagamshela kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ngeephaneli zokusasaza ezidibanisa iisekethe zesondlo ezininzi. Isekethe nganye ibandakanya ukukhuselwa kwe-overcurrent kwaye inokubandakanya iiswitshi zokulawula kude ezivumela abaqhubi ukuba bahlukanise izixhobo zokugcinwa. Iiphaneli zikwabonelela ngeendawo zokubeka iliso apho amagcisa anokulinganisa amandla ombane, akhoyo, kunye nomgangatho wamandla.
Udibaniso lokusingqongileyo luqwalasela iimeko zokusebenza kwindawo nganye. Ufakelo lwekhabhathi yangaphandle kufuneka imelane nobushushu obugqithisileyo ukusuka ku-- 40℃ukuya ku +60℃ngelixa ukhusela iibhetri kubumanzi nothuli. Ufakelo lwangaphakathi lujongene nemiqobo yendawo ethanda iinkqubo ze-lithium ezixineneyo ngaphezu kweebhanki ezinkulu ze-lead-acid. Iindawo ezikude zihlala zidibanisa iibhetri ezineepaneli zelanga kunye nee turbines zomoya ezincinci ukwenza iinkqubo zamandla ezixubileyo ezinciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwijenereyitha yedizili.
Ufakelo lomzimba lulandela iimfuno ezithile zokungenisa umoya, ukuzinza kwenyikima, kunye nokhuseleko lomlilo. Ilead-ibhetri zeasidi zenza irhasi yehydrogen ngexesha lokutshaja, ifuna umoya ukunqanda uqhushumbo. Iinkqubo zeLithium ziyayiphelisa le nkxalabo kodwa yazisa iingqwalasela ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko malunga nolawulo lwe-thermal. Ikhemistri yanamhlanje ye-lithium iron phosphate inika uzinzo olubalaseleyo lobushushu, nangona ufakelo lusabandakanya ukujonga ubushushu kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo zokuvala njengezilumkiso.
ULondolozo kunye neMisebenzi yeLifecycle
Ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweenkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom kuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo zogcino olucwangcisiweyo ezijongana neemfuno zothintelo kunye nengqikelelo. Uhlolo lwekota luqinisekisa ukuba iitheminali zihlala ziqinile, iindawo ezivaliweyo zihlala zicocekile, kwaye iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Amagcisa alinganisa umbane weseli nganye ukuchonga iiseli ezikhukuliseka ngaphandle kweeparamitha zesiqhelo{2}}isalathisi sakwangoko sokusilela okuzayo.
Uvavanyo lwamandla onyaka luqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri zigcina amandla azo alinganisiweyo ukuxhasa umthwalo. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlawulisa ngokupheleleyo ibhanki, emva koko ukuyikhupha kwireyithi yangoku ngelixa ulinganisa ixesha de umbane wehle ukuya kumanqanaba amkelekileyo asezantsi. Umthamo ongaphantsi kwama-80% oreyithiweyo udla ngokuxhokonxa isicwangciso sokutshintshwa. Kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu, abaqhubi bagcina iibhanki zebhetri ezisecaleni ezinokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla ngexesha lokusilela.
Ubushushu buchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bebhetri kunye nokusebenza. Rhoqo nge-10 idigri yonyuka ngaphezulu kwe-25℃malunga nokuphinda kabini izinga lokuguga lelothe-yebhetri yeasidi. Iindawo ezikwiimozulu ezishushu zinokufuna umoya opholileyo okanye iinkqubo zokupholisa zokuntywiliselwa ezinikezelwa ngabanye abavelisi ngoku. Ezi ndlela zokupholisa ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zigcina ubushushu obuphezulu kuzo zonke iiseli, zandisa ubomi ngama-20% okanye ngaphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nofakelo olupholileyo.
Isiphelo-so{1}}solawulo lobomi bebhetri ye-telecom ibandakanya uhlaziyo olululo lokubuyisela imathiriyeli yexabiso. I-Lead-ibhetri zeasidi ziphumelela ngaphezulu kwe-95% yamazinga okurisayikilishwa, kunye nelothe efunyenweyo kwaye iphinde isetyenziswe kwiibhetri ezintsha. Iibhetri zeLithium zifuna iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe, nangona ishishini liphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza iindlela ezisebenzayo zokubuyisela i-lithium, i-cobalt, kunye nezinye izinyithi. Abasebenzi abanoxanduva basebenzisana nabaqinisekisi baphinde basebenzise iibhetri ukuqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri azipheli kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma.
Iimetriki zokuSebenza kunye nokubalwa kwexesha lokuSebenza
Ukuqonda iinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom kufuna ukuqhelana neeparamitha zokusebenza eziphambili ezichaza amandla okusebenza. Umthamo, ulinganiswe ngeeyure{1}}ze-ampere, zibonakalisa ugcino lwamandla lulonke. Ibhetri engama-200Ah ngokwethiyori inokuzisa ii-amperes ezingama-200 ngeyure enye, okanye ii-amperes ezingama-20 iiyure ezili-10. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wokwenyani uyahluka ngokwezinga lokukhutshelwa{8}}imisinga ephezulu yehlisa umthamo okhoyo ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwangaphakathi kunye neekhemikhali kinetics.
Ubalo lwexesha lokusebenza kufuneka luchaze unxulumano phakathi komthwalo, umthamo, kunye nemida yombane. Isikhululo sesiseko esiqhelekileyo sizoba ii-ampere ezingama-50 ukusuka kwibhanki yebhetri eyi-200Ah sinokufikelela kwiiyure eziyi-3.2 zexesha lokusebenza endaweni yethiyori yeeyure ezi-4 kuba ukukhutshwa kufuneka kume xa amandla ombane efikelela kumanqanaba asezantsi amkelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-42V yenkqubo ye-48V. I-equation ye-Peukert imathematika imodeli yobudlelwane, nangona iinkqubo ze-BMS zanamhlanje zisebenzisa i-algorithms enobunkunkqele ebangela iziphumo zobushushu kunye nokuguga kwebhetri.
Ukujikeleza-ukufaneleka kohambo kulinganisa ukuba angakanani amandla abuyayo ngexesha lokukhupha xa kuthelekiswa noko bekungenileyo ngexesha lokutshaja. Iinkqubo ze-lead-ze-asidi zikholisa ukufikelela kwi-80-85% esebenzayo, okuthetha ukuba i-15-20% yamandla okutshaja ayachithakala njengobushushu. Iinkqubo zeLithium zifikelela kwi-92-95% yokusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa inkunkuma yamandla kunye neemfuno zokupholisa. Kwiminyaka yokusebenza, lo mahluko wokusebenza kakuhle uguqulela ukonga iindleko ezinkulu kusetyenziso lombane.
Ubomi bomjikelo buchaza ukuba zingaphi iintlawulo-zemijikelo yokukhupha iibhetri ezinokunyamezela phambi kokuba umthamo wehliswe ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba aluncedo. Ilead -iibhetri zeasidi zibonelela ngee-500{9}}1,500 kwimijikelo ngokuxhomekeke kubunzulu bokukhutshwa, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zihambisa 3,000{12}}6,000 imijikelo. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile okungenzulu kwandisa ubomi-ukukhupha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% kuphela umthamo onokuphindwa kabini kubomi bomjikelo xa kuthelekiswa nokukhutshwa okupheleleyo. Abasebenzisi balinganisa olu rhwebo phakathi kokuhlohla iibhanki ezinkulu zebhetri ezijikeleza ngokungekho nzulu zichasene neebhanki ezincinci ezikhupha ngokupheleleyo rhoqo.
Ubuchwephesha obukwinqanaba eliphezulu kunye nezakhono ezisakhulayo
Izinto ezintsha zamva nje ziguqula indlela iinkqubo zogcino lwebhetri ye-telecom ezisebenza ngayo kwaye zidibanisa kuthungelwano lwale mihla. Iimodyuli zoyilo lwebhetri luvumela ukwandiswa kwamandla ngokongeza nje iimodyuli zebhetri kunokutshintsha iibhanki ziphela. Le modularity yenza lula ulungiso{2}}iimodyuli ezisileleyo zingashushu{3}}zitshintshwe ngaphandle kokuvala inkqubo.
Iimpawu zolawulo lwamandla zenza ukuba iinkqubo zokugcinwa kweebhetri ze-telecom zithathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuphendula imfuno kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusetyenziswa ngokucheba okuphezulu. Ngexesha eliphezulu-izinga eliphezulu, iibhetri zikhupha ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwegridi, emva koko zitshaje kwakhona ngeeyure eziphantsi{2}}zezinga. Le arbitrage inokuphelisa iindleko zebhetri kubomi benkqubo ngelixa ixhasa uzinzo lwegridi. Abanye abasebenzisi baqhagamshela iibhetri zezikhululo ezisisiseko kwimizila yamandla enyanisekileyo, bafumana ingeniso ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo zolawulo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha kwizinto eziluncedo.
Ii-algorithms zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa zisetyenziselwa ukwandisa iipatheni zokutshaja kunye nokuqikelela ukusilela ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Iimodeli zokufunda ngoomatshini zihlalutya idatha yokusebenza yembali ukuchonga iipateni ezifihlakeleyo ezibonisa iiseli ezithotyiweyo okanye imiba yobushushu. Ezi zakhono zokuqikelela zivumela abasebenzi bolondolozo ukuba bajongane neengxaki ngexesha lokutyelela okucwangcisiweyo kunokuba baphendule kwiingxaki ezingxamisekileyo.
Ubuchwepheshe bebhetri yelizwe -lobuchwephesha buthembisa uphuculo lwexesha elizayo kuxinaniso lwamandla kunye nokhuseleko, nangona usetyenziso lwetelecom yorhwebo luhlala iminyaka emininzi kude. Ngeli xesha, iibhetri zobomi zesibini-ezisuka kwizithuthi zombane zibonelela ngexabiso-umthombo wamandla osebenzayo. Iibhetri ze-EV zigcina 70-80% umthamo emva kokuba inkonzo yemoto iphela-isazanele ngokugqibeleleyo usetyenziso olugciniweyo olumileyo apho ubunzima bungakhathaliseki. Iinkqubo ezininzi ngoku zibuyisela ezi bhetri ukuze zisetyenziswe kunxibelelwano, ukunciphisa iindleko ngelixa zixhasa imigaqo yoqoqosho lwesetyhula.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Iinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom zihlala zibonelela ngombane ixesha elingakanani ngexesha lokucima?
Uninzi lweenkqubo zenzelwe ukubonelela nge-4 kwiiyure ze-8 zexesha lokusebenza kumthwalo wesikhululo esisezantsi, nangona ubude buxhomekeke kumthamo webhetri kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla esayithi. Iindawo eziphezulu-eziphambili zinokuxhotyiswa ngeebhanki ezinkulu ezixhasa iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-72 zokusebenza. Iinkqubo zemodyuli zinokukwandiswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokulondoloza, kwaye xa zidityaniswe neejeneretha zedizili okanye imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo, inokugcina ukusebenza okungapheliyo.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba iinkqubo zokugcina ibhetri ye-telecom zisilele ngexesha lokumka kombane okwandisiweyo?
Ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo ngexesha lokucima okwandisiweyo kubangelwa kukuba iibhetri zifikelela kumbane wokukhupha ukhuseleko olusezantsi, hayi kwiziphene zokusebenza. Nje ukuba iibhetri ziphele ngezantsi malunga ne-42V kwinkqubo ye-48V, i-BMS iyawuqhawula ngokuzenzekelayo umthwalo ukunqanda umonakalo osisigxina webhetri. Ezinye iindlela zokungaphumeleli ziquka iziganeko zokushisa ezivela ekupholiseni okunganelanga, ukusilela kweeseli zomntu kwiibhanki zebhetri ezigugileyo, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yokulawula.
Ngaba iinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom zinokudityaniswa neepaneli zelanga kunye namandla ahlaziyekayo?
Iisistim zale mihla zidibana ngokulula neepaneli zelanga, iiinjini zomoya, kunye nofakelo oluhlaziyekayo oluxutyiweyo. Umlawuli wentlawulo ulawula ukuhamba kwamandla ukusuka kwimithombo emininzi, ukubeka phambili ukuveliswa ngokutsha xa kufumaneka ngelixa ugcina intlawulo yebhetri kunye nokubonelela ngemithwalo. Esi sixhobo sixabiseke ngokukodwa kwiziza ezikude apho amandla egridi engafumanekiyo okanye engathembekanga, evumela ukuba -ukusebenza kwegridi ngokuxhomekeka kuncinci kwejenereyitha yedizili.
Abaqhubi bazijonga njani iinkqubo zokugcina ibhetri ye-telecom kwiindawo ezininzi?
Iisistim zangoku zibandakanya ukukwazi ukubeka iliso kwindawo ekude esasaza{0}}idatha yexesha lokwenyani nge-Ethernet, iselula, okanye ikhonkco lesathelayithi kumaziko omsebenzi wothungelwano oluphakathi. Abasebenzisi bafikelela kwiideshibhodi ezibonisa ubume bebhetri, uqikelelo lwexesha lokusebenza, kunye neemeko ze-alam kuzo zonke iinethiwekhi. Iisistim zesilumkiso ezizenzekelayo zazisa amaqela olondolozo xa iiparamitha zidlula imilinganiselo, zivumela ungenelelo olukhawulezileyo ngaphambi kokuba kucinywe.
Iingqwalaselo zoYilo lweSixokelelwano kwiiNkqubo ezahlukeneyo
Iimfuno zokusebenza kwiinkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri ye-telecom ziyohluka kakhulu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusasazwa. Iisayithi ze-Macro tower ezixhasa i-4G kunye ne-5G izixhobo zihlala zitsala i-3-8 kilowatts ngokuqhubekayo, zifuna umthamo omkhulu webhetri ixesha elide elivakalayo. Olu fakelo luhlala lusebenzisa iintambo ezininzi zebhetri ngokunxuseneyo, kunye nomtya ngamnye okwaziyo ukuxhasa umthwalo ogcweleyo wokungasebenzi.
Iiseli ezincinci kunye neenkqubo ze-eriyali ezisasaziweyo zisebenza kumanqanaba asezantsi amandla-ngokuqhelekileyo ama-50{2}}ama-200 eewathi kwindawo enye{4}kodwa zijongene nemiqobo enzima yendawo. Iisistim ze-lithium ezibambeneyo zifaneleka kakuhle ezi zicelo, zithatha iqhezu lendawo yokukhokela{6}iasidi enokuyifuna. Ukwanda kweeseli ezincinci kwiindawo ezixineneyo zasezidolophini kuqhuba imfuno yezi zisombululo ezixineneyo nezisebenza kakhulu.
Iziko ledatha izixhobo zonxibelelwano zisebenza kumbane ofanayo we-48V DC kodwa kumanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu. Irekhi enye yonxibelelwano lomnxeba inokuzoba i-15-30 kilowatts, ifuna iibhanki ezinkulu zebhetri okanye udityaniso neenkqubo ezinkulu ze-UPS ezibonelela yonke indawo. Olu fakelo lusanda kusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-lithium ukunciphisa unyawo lomzimba kunye nokufezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Izibonelelo zekhompuyutha ezikwi-Edge zimele usetyenziso oluvelayo apho uthungelwano lwe-telecommunications kunye ne-IT ludibana khona. Ezi ndawo zidibanisa izixhobo ze-telecom zemveli kunye neeseva kunye neenkqubo zokugcina, ukudala iimfuno zamandla ezahlukeneyo. Izakhiwo zamandla e-Hybrid ezidibanisa i-48V DC yezixhobo ze-telecom kunye ne-208V okanye i-480V AC ye-IT imithwalo iya ixhaphake, kunye neenkqubo zebhetri ezinobungakanani bokuxhasa zombini iindawo ngexesha lokucima.
Ukuthembeka kothungelwano lonxibelelwano ngokusisiseko kuxhomekeke kwiisistim zamandla ezigciniweyo ezigcina ukusebenza ngexesha lokusilela kwegridi. Njengoko amanethiwekhi akhula ukuxhasa i-5G, i-edge computing, kunye nokwandisa iimfuno zedatha, indima yeenkqubo zokugcinwa kwebhetri eziphucukileyo zikhula ngakumbi. Abasebenzisi abatyala imali kubuchwepheshe bebhetri bale mihla, iisistim zolawulo ezikrelekrele, kunye neenkqubo zogcino olusebenzayo bazibeka kwindawo yokunikezela okuhlala-kuqhagamshelo olufunwa luluntu lwangoku.