Ngohlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo lwesakhiwo samandla ehlabathi kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamandla avuselelekayo,ukugcinwa kwamandlaithekhnoloji ngokuthe ngcembe iba yinkxaso ebalulekileyo yenguqu yamandla kunye nokuqhuba uphuhliso loqoqosho lwexesha elizayo.
Intshayelelo kwiTekhnoloji yeBattery yokuGcinwa kwamandla
▲Ukuguqulwa kwamandla, ukugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa
▲UHlelo kunye nokuSetyenziswa kweTekhnoloji yokuGcinwa kwamandla
▲Isishwankathelo seebhetri zoGcino lwaMandla
▲Umgaqo osebenzayo kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhetri zokugcina amandla
▲Iimpawu zokusebenza kunye nesigama esihambelanayo seebhetri zokugcina amandla
Amandla angawona mandla aqhuba ihlabathi kunye nobutyebi obungundoqo apho uluntu luxhomekeke kuphuhliso. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kokusetyenziswa komlilo ukuya kumbane wale mihla, uphuhliso nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuye kwaqhubela phambili inkqubela phambili yempucuko kwaye kwabumba ubume bethu bangoku bentlalo.
Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yamandla ehlabathi kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo, ugcino lwamandla obuchwepheshe bebhetri luye lwavela kwaye lwaba yintsika ebalulekileyo yecandelo lamandla. Iibhetri zokugcina amandla zinokugcina ngokufanelekileyo imithombo yamandla ephazamisayo efana nomoya kunye namandla elanga kwaye iwakhulule ngexesha leemfuno eziphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokunikezelwa kwamandla. Obu bugcisa abunciphisi kuphela ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili kodwa ikwabonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezibalulekileyo zokuzuza{2}ikhabhoni ephantsi kunye neenkqubo zamandla ezizinzileyo.
Uphuhliso logcino lwamandla obuchwepheshe bebhetri, ukusuka kwiibhetri ezikhokelayo{0}}zeasidi ukuya kwiibhetri ze-lithium-yangoku ze-ion, kwaye emva koko ukuya kwiibhetri ezisakhulayo eziqinileyo-kunye neebhetri ze-ion zesodium{3}}, zihlala zigqobhoza imiqobo yetekhnoloji. Ngokuphucula ubuninzi bamandla, ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila, kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko, iibhetri zokugcina amandla zibonise amathuba okusebenza ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezifana nokugcinwa kwamandla ekhaya, ukuthutha, kunye nokulawulwa kwegridi. Kunokuthiwa ukuba iteknoloji yebhetri yokugcina amandla ayisiyo kuphela isitshixo kwinguqu yangoku yesakhiwo samandla kodwa kunye neyona nto ingundoqo kwiigridi zexesha elizayo kunye neenkqubo zamandla ezisasazwayo.
I-Lithium{0}esekwe kwi-teknoloji yokugcina amandla ebhetri
▲Ubume kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza we-lithium -ibhetri ze-ion
▲Lithium -ion ibhetri cathode imathiriyeli
▲I-Lithium -izixhobo ze-anode yebhetri ye-ion
▲Lithium -i-electrolyte yebhetri ye-ion
▲Uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kweebhetri ze-lithium{0}}zeion
Ngo-1970, uMS Whittingham we-ExxonMobil wenza ibhetri ye-ion yokuqala ye-lithium{3}}. Wasebenzisa i-titanium disulfide kunye ne-metallic lithium njenge-electrodes efanelekileyo kunye ne-negative, ngokulandelanayo. Ngethuba lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha, i-lithium yensimbi isetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwaye yenziwe kwi-electrode engalunganga, ngelixa i-titanium disulfide ifaka ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ikhupha i-lithium ion kwi-electrode efanelekileyo. Ezi nkqubo zimbini ziyakwazi ukuguqulwa kubo bonke ubomi bebhetri, ngaloo ndlela zenza ibhetri ye-lithium yesibini ene-voltage ye-2V.Ngo-1982, u-RR Agarwal kunye no-JR Selman we-Illinois Institute of Technology bafumanisa ukuba i-ion ze-lithium zinepropati yokudibanisa kwi-graphite, inkqubo ekhawulezayo kwaye iguqulelwe umva... uphuhliso, kunye nendaleko. Ngokusebenza kwabo okuphezulu kunye nokulungeleyo, baya bangena kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiimveliso ze-3C ezifana neeselfowuni kunye neetafile ukuya kumacandelo amandla afana nezithuthi zombane kunye{19}}neendawo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla ezifana nee-photovoltaics kunye namandla omoya, ezichaphazela kakhulu ubomi boluntu.
Yintoni ibhetri?
▲Imbali yoPhuhliso lwebhetri
▲Ukwaziswa kwiibhetri zeLithium{0}}
▲ Iimpawu zelithium -iibhetri zeion
▲ Izinto eziphambili kwiibhetri ze-lithium -
Ibhetri luhlobo lomthombo wamandla. Imithombo yamandla ngokubanzi yahlulahlulwe ibe yimithombo yamandla ebonakalayo kunye nemithombo yamandla emichiza. Imithombo yamandla ephathekayo ibandakanya izixhobo zokuvelisa amandla elanga, izixhobo zokuvelisa amandla ombane oshushu, iijenereyitha zombane oshushu nowamanzi, njl. njl.; ngelixa imithombo yamandla emichiza ibhekisa kwizixhobo zokuvelisa amandla ezinokuguqula ngokuthe ngqo amandla ekhemikhali abe ngamandla ombane, oko kukuthi, iibhetri zeekhemikhali ngengqiqo eqhelekileyo, okanye ngokulula iibhetri.
Iinkqubo zebhetri ziye zavela kwizizukulwana ezine: ilothe-ibhetri yeasidi, nickel{1}}ibhetri yecadmium, nickel{2}}ibhetri ye-hydride yesinyithi, kunye nebhetri ye-lithium{3}}iion. Ukusebenza kwebhetri kuye kwaphucuka ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye ukuqonda komntu kwiinkqubo zebhetri kuye kwanda. Okwangoku, iibhetri ze-lithium -zezona zisebenzayo kunye namandla{7}}inkqubo esebenzayo yebhetri egcwalisekayo, emele elona nqanaba liphezulu lophando lwebhetri lomntu kunye nobuchwepheshe.
UPhando kunye neMbali yoPhuhliso lweZizinto zeLithium Iron Phosphate
▲Imbali yokuphuhliswa kwezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲Imeko ye-patent ye-lithium iron phosphate
▲ Izifundo zesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
I-Lithium iron phosphate (LiFeP, LFP, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-lithium iron phosphate okanye i-lithium iron phosphate) yinto yecathode esetyenziswa kwiibhetri ze-lithium{0}}. Ibonakala ngokungabikho kwezinto ezixabisekileyo ezifana ne-cobalt kunye ne-nickel, amaxabiso aphantsi ezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nobuninzi be-phosphorus, i-lithium, kunye nezixhobo zentsimbi kwi-crust ye-Earth, enokuthi ihlangabezane nemfuno yemarike engaphezu kweetoni ezisisigidi ngonyaka. Njengesixhobo se-cathode, i-lithium iron phosphate ine-voltage yokusebenza ephakathi (3.2V), amandla athile aphezulu (170mA · h / g), amandla okukhutshwa okuphezulu, amandla okuhlawula ngokukhawuleza, ubomi bomjikelezo omde, kunye nokuzinza okulungileyo phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neendawo zokushisa eziphezulu.
Izixhobo zokuvelisa ezisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲IiMfuno zesiXhobo soMveliso:;IziXhobo zoKuxutywa;Izixhobo zokomisa;Izixhobo zokutshiza;Isixhobo sokuXhwalaza; Izixhobo zokuHlola; Ijenereyitha yeNitrojeni;Isixhobo sokuPakisha.
Xa i-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) imathiriyeli yecathode isetyenziswa kwi-lithium - yokwenziwa kwebhetri ye-ion, iimfuno zokucoceka kwazo, isigaba, kunye nokungcola zingqongqo ngokugqithisileyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-oxidation℃of iron divalent in LFP ifikelela kwi-1%, umthamo othile unokuncipha ngaphezu kwe-30%. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-trivalent iron coat esandula ukwenziwa igquma umphezulu we-LFP, yenza umaleko osebenzayo othintela ukusabela okungaphaya kwangaphakathi. Ukuba i-LFP sele i-oxidized, iindlela zokunciphisa ezilandelayo azikwazi ukuvelisa i-LFP ngenxa yokuba i-lithium ion kwi-raw material sele ilahleka.
Ukulungiswa kwezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate ngendlela ye-ferrous oxalate
▲Umgaqo-nkqubo wokudibanisa
▲Imathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenziwa
▲ Inkqubo yokudibanisa
▲Ukusebenza kwezinto zokwenziwa
Inkqubo yokwenza i-lithium iron phosphate usebenzisa i-ferrous oxalate njengento eluhlaza ibizwa ngokuba yindlela ye-ferrous oxalate (okanye indlela ye-ferrous). Okwangoku, indlela ye-ferrous oxalate yeyona nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nendlela e-China, kunye nesiqingatha sabavelisi basekhaya abayisebenzisayo. Iinzuzo zayo eziphambili zixabiso eliphantsi lezinto eziphathekayo, inkqubo elula, kunye nokulawula okulula komlinganiselo wezithako.
Ukulungiswa kwezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate ngokunciphisa i-carbothermal
▲Umgaqo-nkqubo wokudibanisa
▲Imathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenziwa
▲ Inkqubo yokudibanisa
▲Ukusebenza kwezinto zokwenziwa
Phakathi kwabavelisi abavelisa i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) izinto, indlela yokunciphisa i-carbothermal okwangoku iyeyesibini iteknoloji esetyenziswa kakhulu emva kwendlela ye-ferrous oxalate. Isixhobo sayo esisisiseko se-iron ferric (Fe2PO4), kuquka i-iron phosphate (Fe2PO4) kunye ne-iron oxide (Fe2O3). Ngethuba lokuphendula, i-carbon (C) kunye ne-carbon monoxide (C2O3) inciphisa i-iron ferric (Fe2PO4) kwi-iron ferrous (Fe2+), eya kuthi ingene kwi-crystal lattice, eyenza i-crystal structure ye-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4).
Inzuzo yendlela yokunciphisa i-carbothermal kukuba i-oxidation yezinto ezibonakalayo ayifuni ukuqwalaselwa ngexesha lokucubungula; iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxuba zingasetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada ukufezekisa imeko efunwayo yokusasazwa. Kuphela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lobushushu apho ikhabhoni inciphisa i-iron ye-ferrous iron, yenza i-lithium iron phosphate, ngoko ke igama elithi carbothermal reduction method. Indlela yokunciphisa i-carbothermal ifezekisa inyathelo elinye{2} lokunciphisa, iyancipha imveliso yegesi, kwaye iluncedo ekuphuculeni isivuno. Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo yokudibanisa ilula kwaye kulula ukuyilawula, ekhokelela ekunyukeni kwenani leenkampani ezithatha indlela yokunciphisa i-carbothermal.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Hydrothermal yezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲Umgaqo-nkqubo wokudibanisa
▲Imathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenziwa
▲ Inkqubo yokudibanisa
▲Ukusebenza kwezinto zokwenziwa
Indlela ye-hydrothermal yindlela ephucukileyo yokulungiselela izinto ze-lithium iron phosphate cathode. Inkqubo yayo ephambili isebenzisa i-supercritical hydrothermal system, ukunyibilikisa i-ferrous sulfate, i-lithium hydroxide, kunye ne-asidi ye-phosphoric emanzini, ukufudumeza isisombululo kwiqondo elingaphezulu kwe-100 kwindawo evaliweyo ukwenza ubushushu obuphezulu,-uxinzelelo lwesisombululo samanzi. Ukusabela kuqhubeka ngokusasazwa kwe-ion, ivelisa i-lithium iron phosphate crystal particles. Izinto ezisulungekileyo ze-lithium iron phosphate ziyahluzwa, zomiswe, kunye nekhabhoni{6}}yagqunywe ukwenza i-lithium iron phosphate/carbon composite.
Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuhlalutya izixhobo ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲ Uhlalutyo lokubunjwa kweekhemikhali kunye neendlela zokuvavanya izixhobo ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲ Iindlela zokuvavanya ipropathi yezinto eziphathekayo kwi-lithium iron phosphate materials
▲ Iindlela zokuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-Electrochemical ye-lithium iron phosphate materials
▲Uvandlakanyo losetyenziso oluSebenzayo lweLithium Iron Phosphate Materials
Kwizinto ze-lithium iron phosphate (LFP), uvavanyo luyi-teknoloji engundoqo, kubaluleke ngakumbi kunolawulo lwenkqubo yokudibanisa. Ngaphandle kwedatha yokuvavanya echanekileyo kunye nechanekileyo, iimeko zenkqubo ezizinzileyo azikwazi ukufunyanwa, kwaye ngoko ke, iimveliso ze-LFP ezifanelekileyo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa azikwazi ukuveliswa. Uvavanyo olungqongqo lwemathiriyeli lubalulekile kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso, ukusuka ekuthengeni imathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokudibanisa ukuya kuvavanyo olugqityiweyo lwemveliso. Ngoko ke, nayiphi na iyunithi yophando kunye nokuvelisa i-LFP kufuneka igxininise kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwenkqubo yokuvavanya. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo eziphucukileyo, iindlela zovavanyo ezingqongqo, kunye{4}}nabasebenzi bovavanyo abaqeqeshwe kakuhle ziimeko ezisisiseko zenkampani ukugcina isikhundla sayo kushishino.
Uhlalutyo lwezinye iimpawu ze-lithium iron phosphate materials
▲ Uhlalutyo lwentsebenzo ye-Electrochemical yezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲Uhlalutyo lwe-electron microscopic morphology yezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲ Amandla angaphezulu e-lithium iron phosphate imathiriyeli
▲Umlinganiselo wokunyibilika kwentsimbi kwi-lithium iron phosphate materials
▲ Iimpawu zeSpectroscopic zezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
Kwisicelo esisebenzayo sezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate, ukongeza kwiimvavanyo zesiqhelo zokusebenza, kuyafuneka kwakhona ukulinganisa iipropathi ezithile ukubonelela ngereferensi yovavanyo lokusebenza kwezinto kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ibhetri. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, ezinye iiparamitha ebezinokulinganiswa kuphela kusetyenziswa iiseli ezipheleleyo ngoku zinokumiselwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezilula. Umzekelo, ukusebenza komjikelo wezinto ze-lithium iron phosphate, ngakumbi ukusebenza komjikelo wekhabhoni, ngoku kunokuvavanywa kusetyenziswa iiseli zengqekembe ezenzelwe ngokukodwa, ukwenza lula kakhulu inkqubo yokulinganisa.
Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa ibhetri usebenzisa izinto ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲ Iinkcukacha zoyilo lwebhetri ye-lithium yentsimbi ye-phosphate
▲I-Lithium iron phosphate imathiriyeli yokulungiselela iteknoloji yokulungisa uludaka
▲ Ukugquma kwe-lithium iron phosphate slurry
▲ Ukuqengqeleka kwe-lithium iron phosphate electrodes
▲Utshintsho kunye noKwahlula
▲Eminye imizekelo yokwenziwa kwebhetri
Kuyo nayiphi na ibhetri ye-lithium{0}}, uyilo lokuqala ngowona msebenzi. Umsebenzi woyilo ubandakanya ukumisela inkqubo yokwenziwa kwebhetri ye-lithium -. Ekubeni ukusebenza kwebhetri kumiselwa ikakhulu zii-electrode, uyilo lwe-electrode luyinkalo ephambili yenkqubo yokuvelisa ibhetri. Oku kuyinyaniso nakwiibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.
Iindawo ezingundoqo zokusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate
▲ Izicelo zeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kwizixhobo zokuthutha zombane
▲Izicelo zeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kwindawo yokugcina amandla ombane
▲ Izicelo zeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kwizixhobo zamandla
▲Izicelo zeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate
I-Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) yimathiriyeli ye-cathode yeebhetri ze-lithium -ze-ion, kwaye inzuzo yayo enkulu lukhuseleko lwayo oluphezulu. Ikwanazo iingenelo zokuba i-lithium manganese oxide kunye ne-nickel -i-manganese{3}}i-cobalt ternary imathiriyeli ayinanto, njengobomi bomjikelo omde, ixabiso lezinto eziphantsi, kunye nemithombo yobutyebi ekrwada. Iibhetri ze-LFP zinombane ozinzileyo, amandla ombane aphakathi, ukuhambelana kakuhle neenkqubo ze-electrolyte, azinatyhefu, azinaziphumo zenkumbulo, kwaye azingcolisi okusingqongileyo. Amandla abo athile angafikelela ku-100–130 Wh/kg, nto leyo ili-0.3–5 umphinda-phinde ngelothe{11}ibhetri yeasidi kunye ne-1.5 umphinda-phinde nge-nickel{13}}yebhetri ye-metal hydride. Ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezininzi, ithathwa njengebhetri efanelekileyo kwizithuthi zombane, umoya kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla elanga, kunye neebhetri ezikhuselekileyo zokusetyenziswa ekhaya.
Imbonakalo yezinye iziXhobo zeCathode yeebhetri zeLithium-iion
▲ Izinto zeLithium vanadium phosphate cathode -
▲ Izinto ze-lithium manganese phosphate cathode
▲ Izinto ze-lithium zentsimbi ye-silicate cathode
▲ Izinto zelithium yentsimbi yeborate cathode
▲Ilithium{0}}etyebileyo enemaleko yemathiriyeli yecathode
Ukuvela kwemathiriyeli ye-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) yabeka isiseko senzululwazi sezinto zokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweebhetri ze-lithium -zezikali ze-ion.
Njengoko kwaziwa, ukhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium -isoloko ingumba ongundoqo nobalulekileyo othintela uphuhliso loshishino. Nakumazwe aphuhlileyo anezinto eziphathekayo ezizinzileyo kunye nezixhobo eziphucukileyo zokulungisa, ukhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium- azinakuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi wangoku we-lithium{4}}okwenziwa kwebhetri ye-ion kwilizwe lam, i-LFP ifanelekile-ifanele iimeko zelizwe lam, iphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko lwebhetri.