Ukutsheva komthwalo okwincopho kunciphisa iindleko zombane ngokuthoba awona mandla afunekayo ngamaxesha okuhlawula. Izinto eziluncedo zihlawulisa amaziko orhwebo kunye nemizi-mveliso ngokusekwe kwelona nqanaba liphezulu le-15{2}}lomzuzu wemfuno yesithuba kumjikelo ngamnye wokuhlawula - i-spike enye inokumisela iindleko zemfuno zenyanga yonke. Amashishini asebenzisa ugcino lwamandla ebhetri, ukwenziwa kwendawo, okanye ulawulo lomthwalo ukuvala ezo zincopho kwaye aphephe imirhumo eninzi ebotshelelwe kuzo. Isiphumo: ugcino olubhaliweyo lwe-15% ukuya kwe-35% kwiindleko zamandla aphezulu, kunye namathuba okubuyisela iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithandathu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Yintoni Ukucheba Umthwalo Owuphezulu?
Ukutsheva komthwalo okwincopho - kaninzi kubizwa ngokuba yi "peak shaving" - luqheliselo lokwehliswa komthamo omkhulu wombane kwiziko ngexesha elimisela intlawulo yemfuno kwimali esetyenziswayo. Injongo ayikokusebenzisa amandla amancinane ewonke ekuhambeni kwexesha, kodwa kukushenxisa-ixesha elifutshane lokuhamba kwamandla anyusa iindleko zenyanga.
Ukuze uqonde ukuba kutheni le nto ibalulekile, qwalasela amacandelo amabini aphambili ekuhlawuleni intlawulo yombane worhwebo. Iindleko zokusetyenziswa (zilinganiswe ngekilowatt-iiyure, kWh) zibonisa amandla ewonke asetyenziswe ngexesha lokuhlawula. Iintlawulo ezifunwayo (zilinganiswa ngeekilowatts, kW) zibonisa elona zinga liphezulu apho isibonelelo sitsala amandla ngawo nawuphi na umzuzu omnye. Ngokuka auhlalutyo oludibeneyo yiQela laMandla acocekileyo kunye ne-NREL, iintlawulo zemfuno zidla ngokumela i-30% ukuya kwi-70% yamatyala enyanga ombane kubathengi borhwebo kunye nabemizi-mveliso - ebenza elona xabiso likhulu elilawulekayo kumatyala amaninzi asetyenziswayo.
A ibhetri yokuchebaInkqubo ijongana noku ngokuhlawulisa ngexesha lokungasebenzi{0}kweeyure eziphakamileyo kunye nokukhupha amandla agciniweyo xa imfuno yeziko isondela kumda omiselweyo. Isilinganisi-manzi soncedo asizange sisibhalise i-spike epheleleyo, kwaye intlawulo yemfuno yalo mjikelo wokuhlawula ihlala isezantsi.
Isebenza Njani I Peak Load Shaving?
Ukutsheva kakhulu kusebenza ngokunciphisa ukutsalwa kwamandla oncedo kwigridi ngexesha lamaxesha axakeke kakhulu. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokukhupha amandla agciniweyo kwibhetri, ngokuvula{1}}umthombo wokuvelisa wesayithi, okanye ukwehlisa okwethutyana{2}}usetyenziso lwamandla olungabalulekanga. Isiphumo ku "kucheba" umphezulu wegophe lemfuno yamandla - kungoko igama.
Ijiko elibhulowu kulo mzobo ungasentla limela imfuno yesiqhelo yombane kwiziko kwiiyure ezingama-24, kunye neencopho ezicacileyo ngexesha lokuqalisa kusasa nasemva kwemini. Indawo enomthunzi ohlaza ibonisa indlela inkqubo yokugcina amandla ebhetri ekhupha ngayo ngexesha lezo ziphezulu, ukunciphisa amandla aphezulu athathwe kwigridi ukuya kumda olawulwayo. Yonke into engentla komqobo ibonelelwa ngebhetri endaweni yegridi - ngoko ke imitha yoncedo ibhalisa kuphela imfuno esezantsi, enencaphu.
Inkqubo izenzekelayo yi-inkqubo yolawulo lwamandla (EMS). I-EMS ijonga lokwenyani-usetyenziso lwamandla ngemitha ehlakaniphile, ilandelela umndilili oqokelelweyo phakathi kwemizuzu ye-15-yexesha lokuhlawula, kwaye ibangela ukukhupha ibhetri umzuzu wemfuno ukuya kumgubasi. Iinkqubo zanamhlanje ziphendula ngeemilliseconds - ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukungenelela ngaphambi kokuba ixesha lokuhlawula libhalise i-spike.
Ukutsheva okuPhakamileyo vs. Ukutshintshwa komthwalo
Peak ukucheba kunyeukutshintshwa komthwalozinxulumene kodwa amaqhinga ahlukeneyo. Ukuqonda umahluko kunceda xa ukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yesibonelelo esinikiweyo.
Incopho yokuchebaUkutsala amandla ombane aphezulu kwisixhobo ngoko nangoko ukunciphisa iindleko zemfuno ($/kW). Injongo kukuthoba owona mlinganiselo uphakamileyo wofundo lwemitha eli-15 kwimitha. Ugcino lwebhetri sesona sixhobo siphambili ngenxa yexesha layo lokuphendula le-millisecond.
Ukutshintsha komthwaloihambisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukusuka phezulu-kwexesha lexabiso{1}}lo{2}}lokusebenzisa (TOU) amaxesha ukuthoba{3}}amaxesha amaxabiso. Indawo isebenzisa umbane uwonke ofanayo kodwa ihlawula ngaphantsi ngekWh nganye ngokuwusebenzisa ngexesha lokungabikho{5}}kweeyure zokungasebenzi kakhulu. Ukutshintsha komthwalo kujoliswe kuko kwintlawulo yokusetyenziswa; Incopho yokutsheva ijolise kwintlawulo yemfuno.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukucheba okuphezulu kunciphisa iincopho zemfuno. Ukutshintshwa komthwalo kusabiwa kwakhona xa amandla esetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwigophe lemfuno yemihla ngemihla elungeleleneyo. Inkqubo yebhetri efanayo ingenza imisebenzi yomibini ngaxeshanye, kwaye ukuyidibanisa ngokuqhelekileyo ifumana kwakhona i-40% -60% yexabiso elingaphezulu ukusuka kutyalo-mali olufanayo kuneqhinga lodwa.
Unokukhetha nini ukucheba okuPhakamileyo ngaphezulu kokuShifta koMlayisho
Khetha ukutsheva okuphezulu xa iintlawulo zemfuno zibonisa isabelo esikhulu setyala lakho (30%+), xa imisebenzi inezikhwebu ezibukhali okanye ezingalindelekanga, naxa imithwalo ingaguquguquki kwaye ingenakuphinda imiselwe. Khetha ukushenxiswa komthwalo xa uluhlu lwakho lweerhafu lunomohluko obanzi wamaxabiso e-TOU, xa imithwalo inokuphinda imiselwe ngokuguquguqukayo (umzekelo, iinqwelo ze-EV zitshaja ngobusuku), okanye xa iintlawulo zemfuno ziphantsi okanye zingekho. Kwizibonelelo ezininzi, esona sisombululo sisebenzayo sidibanisa zombini izicwangciso.
Impembelelo yezeMali yeMfuno eyiNcopho
Izinto eziluncedo kufuneka zakhe iziseko zophuhliso - zezityalo zokuvelisa, iziguquli, iintambo zothumelo - ezikwaziyo ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulu nangawuphi na umzuzu. Esi sikhundla sihlala singenzi nto ngexesha eliphantsi{3} lemfuno kodwa kufuneka lilungile xa iincopho zifika. Abaqhubi begridi badlulisela ezi ndleko zomthamo kubathengi abenza eyona mithwalo iphezulu yangoko nangoko ngeentlawulo zemfuno.
Amaziko amabini asebenzisa amandla afanayo enyanga ewonke anokufumana amatyala ahluke kakhulu ukuba elinye lifumana i-spikes ezibukhali ngelixa elinye ligcina ukusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo. Njengophononongo olukhokeleyo lwe-NREL -lungaphezulu kwe-10,000 yamaxabiso aluncedo aqinisekisiweyo,malunga nezigidi ezi-5 zabathengi borhwebokulo lonke elase-United States lijongene neentlawulo zemfuno eziphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukwenza ugcino lwebhetri lokutsheva oluphezulu lusebenze ngokwezoqoqosho.
Zibalwa Njani Iintlawulo zeBango
Izinto ezininzi zilinganisa imfuno ngemizuzu eyi-15-yamathuba kulo lonke ixesha lokuhlawula. Iimitha eziziiSmart zibala umthwalo ophakathi kwikota nganye yefestile, kwaye owona mndilili uphezulu uba yintlawulo yemfuno yenyanga. Ifomula: imfuno yencopho (kW) × intlawulo yemfuno yemfuno ($/kW)=intlawulo yemfuno yenyanga. Ngoku kaisikhokelo kwiSebe Massachusetts of Energy Resources, iincochoyi zidla ngokubangelwa kukuqaliswa kweemoto ezinkulu, iziko lokungeniswa, iicompressors, okanye ukusebenza kwezixhobo ngaxeshanye.
Amaxabiso aqala kwi $9 ukuya kwi $15 kwikW nganye kwimimandla emininzi, ezinye iimalike ezingaphezulu kwe $20 kW nganye ngexesha loku{3}}kwexesha eliphezulu. Cinga ngenkampani enomthwalo ongaguqukiyo wama-4,000 kW unyaka wonke. Kwi-50/kW yomrhumo wegridi yonyaka, ihlawula i-200,000 yeedola ngonyaka. Umyalelo okhethekileyo wemveliso ubangela incopho ekhethekileyo ye-4,500 kW ehlala nje imizuzu engama-30. Umrhumo wegridi utsibela kwi-$225,{17}} i-$25,000 eyongezelelweyo ngaphantsi kwe-0.07% yexesha lokusebenza ngonyaka. Incopho yokutsheva kuphelisa kanye ezi ziganeko zineendleko kodwa ezimfutshane.
Isiphumo seRatchet
Ezinye iirhafu eziluncedo ziquka "i-ratchet" indlela eyandisa impembelelo ye-spike yemfuno ngaphaya kwenyanga enye. Phantsi kwegatya le-ratchet, ibango elihlawuliswayo ngayo nayiphi na inyanga yeyona mfuno ilinganisiweyo enkulu okanye ipesenti (ngokuqhelekileyo yi-30% -80%) yeyona mfuno iphezulu kwiinyanga ezili-11 ezidlulileyo. I-spike enye ka-Agasti ukuya kwi-1,200 kW nge-60% yeratchet yenza umgangatho wokuhlawula ongama-720 kW kuJulayi olandelayo - nokuba imfuno yokwenene yasebusika ngama-500 kW kuphela. Ukuba loo ncopho ka-Agasti ibichetyiwe yaya kutsho kuma-800 kW, umgangatho weratchet ubunokuhla ukuya kuma-480 kW, wonge malunga ne-2,400 yeedola ngenyanga nge-10/kW.
IPeak Load Benefits zokucheba
UkuNcitshiswa kweMrhumo yeMbango ngokuthe ngqo
Eyona nzuzo iphambili ziindleko zemfuno ephantsi. Ngokucofa umzobo wegridi kumda osetiwe, ibhetri enobungakanani obufanelekileyo ithintela iincochoyi ezibangela ezona ntlawulo ziphezulu. Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri eziphumeza ukuchetywa komthwalo okwincopho ngokuqhelekileyo kunciphisa iindleko eziphezulu zamandla nge-15% ukuya kwi-30%, kunye nemisebenzi ethile ifezekisa ugcino oluphezulu ngezicwangciso ezidibeneyo.
Indawo yokwenziwa kwemveliso ejongene neendleko zenyanga ezingaphezulu kwe-$50,000 ifakele i-5 MW/10 MWh inkqubo yebhetri. Inkqubo isebenzise uqikelelo lwealgorithms ukucinezela iincopho ezibangelwa kukuqaliswa kweemoto ezinkulu kunye nerempu yemveliso ngaxeshanye{5}}. Iindleko zemfuno zehle ngama-35%, zizisa ngaphezulu kwe-500,000 yeedola kulondolozo lonyaka kunye{10}}neminyaka emine yokuhlawula.
Ixesha-lo{1}}lokusebenzisa uLungiso
Uninzi lweenkqubo zebhetri zokucheba zikwavumela ixesha{{0}lokusebenzisa{1}}i-arbitrage - yokutshaja xa umbane usezantsi kwaye ukhupha xa amaxabiso aphezulu. Oku kujongana nentlawulo yemfuno kunye nentlawulo yokusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye. Umvelisi wesamente waseTaiwan{5} osekwe kwi-3.06 MWh wenza imisebenzi yomibini: ukutshaja ngexesha eliphantsi{7}}leyure zasebusuku kunye nokukhupha ngexesha lasemini. Isicwangciso esidibeneyo sifezekise i-$ 344,000 kwi-saving yonyaka ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imisebenzi eqhubekayo ye-kiln. Akukho nokuchetywa okuphezulu okanye ulungiselelo lwe-TOU lulodwa obelunokufikelela kweli nani - ixabiso livela ekupakishweni zombini kwi-asethi enye.
Amandla e-Backup kunye ne-Operation Resilience
Incopho yokutsheva ibhetri iphinda kabini njengamandla okugcina ngexesha lokucima kwegridi. Ii-asethi ezifanayo ezinciphisa iindleko zemfuno zigcina imithwalo ebalulekileyo isebenza xa igridi ingaphumeleli. Isixokelelwano esingama-250 kWh esinika amandla ama-50 kW emithwalo ebalulekileyo sibonelela malunga neeyure ezintlanu zogcino. Iinkqubo zinokugcina ubuncinci oovimba bentlawulo (okudla ngokuba yi-15% ukuya kuma-20% yomthamo) ngokukodwa kusetyenziso olungxamisekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kogcino nasemva kokukhutshwa kokutsheva kwangaphambili kwangoko emini.
Uphuculo lweziseko ezingundoqo eziSebenzisiweyo
Xa incopho yemfuno yeziko isondela kumthamo wayo wenkonzo yombane, usetyenziso lusenokufuna uphuculo olubiza kakhulu - iziguquli ezintsha, isondlo esikhulu, okanye uhlengahlengiso losasazo lwesikhululo esixabisa i-$50,000 ukuya kwi-$500,{4}} Inkqubo yebhetri ebeka incopho yomzobo ngaphantsi komda wenkonzo inokulibazisa okanye ithintele uphuculo ngokupheleleyo. Ipropathi yorhwebo esongeza iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ezisi-8 ze-DC (i-150 kW nganye) ijongene ne-180,000 yexabiso le-180,000 yexabiso le-transformer yokuphucula ixabiso. Endaweni yoko, ibhetri ye-500 kW / 1 MWh{13}}isixhobo esinqatyisiweyo esilinganiselweyo sitsala igridi yegridi ukuya kuma-400 kW. Ixabiso elidityanisiweyo leziseko ezingundoqo ezimisiweyo, ugcino lwentlawulo yemfuno yonyaka, kunye nenkuthazo karhulumente yenze ukuba iprojekthi ibe yimali ekhoyo{16}}ihamba kakuhle kwisithuba seenyanga ezingama-30.
Ubomi beSixhobo esongeziweyo
Ibango le-spikes zoxinzelelo lweziguquli, i-switchgear, kunye nesixhobo sokuhambisa sangaphakathi ngokuhamba ngebhayisekile eshushu kunye nokuhamba okwethutyana ngoku. Ukunciphisa imithwalo encopho yehlisa zombini i-thermal kunye noxinzelelo lombane, okunokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo nge-10% -20%. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumaziko emizi-mveliso agugayo apho ukutshintshwa kwe-transformer iyodwa kunokubiza i-$50,000–$200,000.
Funa iNgeniso yokuPhendula
Amaziko anogcino lwebhetri angabhalisa kwiinkqubo zokuphendula imfuno eluncedo. Ngexesha lonxunguphalo lwegridi, ibhetri ikhupha ukunciphisa ukutsalwa kwegridi okanye ukuthumela amandla ngaphandle, ukufumana iintlawulo eziqala kwi-50 yeedola ukuya kwi-200 yeedola ngonyaka-ngonyaka. Ezinye iimakethi zikwabonelela ngeentlawulo zomthamo okanye ingeniso yolawulo rhoqo, ukupakisha iindlela ezininzi zexabiso kwi-asethi enye.
Ukuncitshiswa kweCarbon Footprint
Izinto eziluncedo zixhomekeke kwizityalo ezikwincopho yerhasi yendalo - okanye iiyunithi zamalahle ezindala - ukuhlangabezana nemfuno egqithisileyo. Ezi zisebenza ngobuchule obuphantsi kunye nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo eziphezulu kunezityalo ezisisiseko. Xa abathengi becheba iincopho basebenzisa amandla agciniweyo acocekileyo, ukuhanjiswa kwepeaker kuyancipha. Kwiinkampani ezineemfuno zokunika ingxelo zeESG, le nzuzo yokusingqongileyo yongeza ixabiso elicwangcisiweyo ngaphaya kwembuyekezo yemali.
Incopho yobuchule bokucheba
IiNkqubo zokuGcina amandla ebhetri (BESS)
Ugcino lwebhetri sesona sisombululo sibhetyebhetye kwaye sisabela kwincopho yokutsheva. Iinkqubo zangoku ze-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) zihlawulisa ngexesha lokungabikho{2}}kweeyure eziphakamileyo kunye nokukhupha ukongeza amandla egridi ngexesha leencopho. Iisistim zolawulo lwamandla zizenza ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo zisebenzisa i-algorithms eqikelelweyo ukuqikelela ukunyuka kunye nokusebenzisa amandla agciniweyo ngokusebenzayo.
Ubungakanani benkqubo bubalulekile. Umthamo wamandla (umlinganiselo we-kW) kufuneka ugqithe kwincopho yokunciphisa ekujoliswe kuko; umthamo wamandla (umlinganiselo we-kWh) kufuneka ugcine imveliso kangangexesha elifunekayo. Amaziko oshishino ahambisa iinkqubo ukusuka kwi-125 kW / 250 kWh kwimisebenzi emincinci ukuya kwi-5 MW / 10 MWh kwizityalo ezikhulu. Iziza ezinezikhonkwane ezimfutshane, ezibukhali zinokufuna kuphela imizuzu engama-30 yobude bexesha lokukhutshelwa, ngelixa imfuno ephakame ixesha elide inokufuna iiyure ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Amaxesha okuphendula alinganiswe ngeemilliseconds ahlula izisombululo zebhetri kwijenereyitha zedizili (imizuzwana eyi-10–30 ukuya kwimveliso epheleleyo) okanye imfuno{11}}yokuncitshiswa kwecala (imizuzu).
KwiSiza se{0}}IsiZukulwana seSola + noGcino
ISolar PV ivelisa umbane ngexesha leencopho zemini, kodwa iyodwa ayinakho ukucutha iintlawulo zemfuno rhoqo - ilifu elidlulayo ngexesha le-spike lishiya indawo ibhengeziwe. Ilanga elidityanisiweyo{2}}kunye{3}}nofakelo logcino luyicombulula le ngxaki: iibhetri zesola ezigqithise emini emaqanda, eziphuma ngencopho yangokuhlwa okanye ngamafu. Iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo zizuza umyinge wama-60%–80% wokongiwa kwetyala elikhulu kunelanga lodwa.
Funa-Ulawulo lwecala
Imfuno-icala lolawulo ligxile kuhlengahlengiso lokusebenza: ukulandelelana kokuqaliswa kwezixhobo ukunqanda ukunyuka kwangaxeshanye, ukumodareyitha amaxabiso okutshaja e-EV kuzo zonke izikhululo,{1}}izakhiwo zokupholisa phambi kweeyure eziphakamileyo, okanye ukunciphisa okwethutyana{2}}imithwalo engabalulekanga. Xa idityaniswe ne-BESS kunye{4}}nokuveliswa kwesiza, imfuno{5}}icala lolawulo lwenza indlela eyongezelelekileyo eyandisa ulondolozo kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwimisebenzi engundoqo.
Indlela Yokuqalisa
Qala ngohlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lweprofayili yomthwalo. Cela iinyanga ezili-12 zedatha yekhefu yomzuzu eyi-15-kuncedo lwakho okanye imitha ehlakaniphile. Chonga xa iincopho zenzeke, kaninzi kangakanani, kunye nobukhulu bazo ngokumalunga nosetyenziso oluphakathi. Emva koko ubale ugcino olunokubakho: phinda-phinda imfuno ekhoyo ngoku ngexabiso lentlawulo yebango, kwaye uqikelele ukuthotywa kwencopho efikelelekayo. Indawo enemfuno ephezulu ye-1,000 kW kunye neentlawulo ze-$ 12/kW ihlawula i-$ 12,000 ngenyanga. Ukunciphisa ukuya kuma-850 kW konga i-$1,800/ngenyanga - i-$21,600 ngonyaka - phambi kokubalwa kwexabiso logcino-zincwadi okanye ingeniso yokuphendula ibango.
Ukulinganisa isistim, isiqalo esiluncedo: 1–2 kWh yomthamo wamandla nge-kW nganye yokuncitshiswa kwencopho yee-spikes ezimfutshane, okanye 2–4 kWh ngekW nganye kwiincopho ezinde. Xa uvavanya abathengisi, beka phambili ubunakho besoftware ecaleni neenkcukacha zehardware - iisistim eziphambili zokuqikelela zisebenzisa umatshini wokufunda ngokungaguquguqukiyo ukodlula umda olula{6}ukukhutshwa okusekwe nge-10% -20%. Cwangcisa iinyanga ezi-3-6 ukusuka kwikhontrakthi ukuya kugunyaziso lwesiqhelozorhwebo kunye nezoshishinoiprojekthi.
Izicelo zoShishino
Ukuvelisa izityalo
Ukukhwela ibhayisekile koomatshini abanzima yeyona nto iphambili yokutsheva. Iziko zombane ze-arc, iicompressor, oomatshini be-CNC, kunye nee-rolling mill zitsala inrush yangoku ngexesha lokuqalisa - iziganeko ezithatha imizuzwana emisela iindleko zemfuno kuwo wonke umjikelo wokuhlawula. Intsimbi yokusila izoba i-3,000 kW engaguqukiyo{5}imeko enezikhonkwane zamaxesha ukuya kwi-4,200 kW ngexesha lokunyuka kwe-roller ijongana ne-14,400 yeedola ngenyanga kwiindleko zemfuno ezingaphezulu kwi- $12/kW. Ibhetri eyi-1,500 kW / 500 kWh exabisa i-$350,000–$450,000 yekhepsi kwezi spikes, ibuyisela imbuyekezo ngaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu.
Izibonelelo zokuTjaja ze-EV
Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC (150–360 kW inye) zenza i-spikes yemfuno emandla xa iimoto ezininzi zitshaja ngaxeshanye. Iitshaja ezintandathu ze-150 kW ezisebenza ngaxeshanye zenza imfuno yama-900 kW. Nokuba usebenzisa i-avareji yemizuzu nje eli-11 yonke imihla ngetshaja nganye, oko kusetyenziswa kwangaxeshanye kumisela intlawulo yenyanga. Ibhetri{8}}Izixokelelwano zokutshaja ezikhuselweyo zinokucutha iintlawulo ezibangwayo ngama-24,000 e-$24,000 ngonyaka kufakelo lwetshaja emithandathu nge-$80/kW. Izithinteli zebhetri zikwavumela ukongeza iitshaja ngaphandle kophuculo lwenkonzo eluncedo olubiza kakhulu - ukuhlehlisa iindleko zeziseko ezinokuthi ziqhube i-$50,000 ukuya kwi-$500,000.
Izakhiwo zorhwebo
Iinkqubo zeHVAC zoba amandla aphezulu ngexesha lobushushu obugqithisileyo - ngokuchanekileyo xa igridi ibango iphezulu kunye namazinga okusebenza aphezulu. Phambi{2}}izakhiwo zokupholisa zisebenzisa amandla agciniweyo, ukucwangcisa izixhobo ngobuchule, okanye ukubeka ugcino lomkhenkce kunokuwenza mcaba iigophe eziyimfuneko kakhulu. Nasiphi na isakhiwo esikhulu sorhwebo apho umthwalo we-HVAC ulawula iprofayile yemfuno ngumgqatswa owomeleleyo wokutsheva okuphezulu.
Amaziko eenkcukacha
Umthwalo woqeqesho lwe-AI, ukusetyenzwa kweebhetshi, kunye nokunyuka kweseva ngaxeshanye{0}}kukudala ukuguquguquka kwamandla okubangela intlawulo yemfuno. Izithinteli zebhetri zigudisa ezi yantlukwano, ngofakelo olushicilelweyo lucutha iintlawulo ngama-20%–30% ngelixa lubonelela ngokuqhubekeka kombane okubalulekileyo kwisixhobo esinovakalelo nokucinywa kwexesha elifutshane.
Izibhedlele kunye neZibonelelo eziBalulekileyo
Izibhedlele zifuna amandla aqhubekayo, okwenza ukuncitshiswa kokusebenza kungenzeki. Ezi zixhobo zixhomekeke ekugcinweni okanye ekuveliseni ukutsheva okuphezulu kunolawulo lomthwalo. Inzuzo ephindwe kabini: ukucuthwa kwentlawulo yemfuno ngexesha lemisebenzi eqhelekileyo kunye nomthamo okhuselekileyo ongxamisekileyo ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwegridi.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Iinkqubo zokucheba zikhawuleza kangakanani ukuPhendula kwiimfuno zeSpikes?
A: Iisistim zebhetri zala maxesha ziphendula kwi-milliseconds - ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukungenelela phambi kokuba i-15{5}}ithuba lokuhlawula lemizuzu eli-15 libhalisa i-spike. Oku kukhawuleza kakhulu kunejenereyitha zedizili (imizuzwana eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-30) okanye ukuncitshiswa kwemfuno (imizuzu). Isoftware yolawulo lwamandla isoloko ibeka iliso kutsalo lwamandla kwaye ivule ukukhutshwa phambi kokuba ukusetyenziswa kuwele imida.
Umbuzo: Ngaba iZibonelelo ezineePaneli zeSolar zinokuxhamla kwiNgxaki yokucheba uMthwalo?
A: Izixhobo zeSolar{0}}zisoloko zizuza kakhulu ekongezeni ugcino lwebhetri. ISolar iyodwa ayinakukwazi ukucutha intlawulo yemfuno ngokungaguqukiyo kuba imveliso ayisoloko ihambelana nosetyenziso oluphezulu - incopho yangokuhlwa, iintsuku ezinamafu, kunye nendlela yasekuseni{3}}yonyukayo ishiya izithuba. Iibhetri zigcina i-solar engaphezulu yasemini ukuze zikhuphe ngala maxesha. Iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo zifikelela kwi-60% -80% yolondolozo olukhulu kunelanga lodwa.
Q: Kwenzeka ntoni kwiibhetri ngexa loMbane woMbane?
A: Uninzi lweenkqubo zorhwebo ziqhawula ngokuzenzekelayo kwigridi kunye nemithwalo ebalulekileyo yamandla. Isixokelelwano sama-250 kWh kumthwalo obalulekileyo wama-50 kW sibonelela malunga neeyure ezintlanu zogcino. Iinkqubo zinokugcina i-15% ukuya kuma-20% ubuncinci oovimba bentlawulo kusetyenziso olungxamisekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka nasemva kokukhutshwa kokutsheva okuphezulu kwangoko emini.
Q: Zihlala ixesha elingakanani iiNkqubo zokuGcina ibhetri?
A: Iibhetri zeLithium{0}}kwincopho yomthwalo wokutsheva zidla ngokuhlala iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15. Uninzi lwewaranti zorhwebo zigubungela iminyaka eyi-10 okanye 5,000–10,000 yentlawulo{9}}imijikelo yokukhupha. Emva kokufikelela esiphelweni sobomi bokutsheva okuphezulu, iibhetri zihlala zigcina umthamo wama-70% ukuya kuma-80% kwiinkqubo ezingeyomfuneko kangako.
UMBUZO: Uthini umahluko phakathi kokucheba okuPhakamileyo kunye nokuTshintshwa komthwalo?
A: Incopho yokutsheva ijolise kwintlawulo ebangwayo ($/kW) ngokufaka ubuninzi begridi yotsalo ngoko nangoko. Layisha utshintsho ekujoliswe kulo iindleko zokusetyenziswa ($/kWh) ngokuhambisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukusuka phezulu{1}}kwixabiso ukuya kwixesha eliphantsi{2}}lamaxabiso. Inkqubo yebhetri efanayo ingenza zombini ngaxeshanye. Ukutsheva kakhulu kubaluleke kakhulu xa iintlawulo zemfuno zilawula ityala; ukutshintshwa komthwalo phantsi kwezakhiwo zezinga le-TOU kunye nokusasazeka kwexabiso elibanzi. Ukudibanisa zombini izicwangciso kubuyisela kakhulu ixabiso elingaphezulu kunokodwa.
Q: Ndazi Njani Ukuba Ukucheba OkukuPhakamileyo Kulungele Indawo yam?
IMPENDULO: Qala ngokujonga i-bill yakho yezinto ezifunwayo kunye nomlinganiselo wayo ($/kW). Ukuba iimali ezifunwayo zingaphezulu kwe-$10–$15/kW kwaye zimele isabelo esibalulekileyo setyala lakho lilonke, ukutsheva okuphezulu kufanelekile ukuvavanywa. Cela iinyanga ezili-12 zedatha yemizuzu eli-15: ukuba imfuno yakho ephezulu igqithise kakhulu imfuno ephakathi (umyinge ongaphezulu kwe-1.3), isixokelelwano sebhetri sinokuzisa ugcino olunentsingiselo. Izibonelelo ezinamagatya e-ratchet, iintlawulo zemfuno ye-TOU, okanye iimfuno zamandla ezigcinayo zinezizathu ezongezelelweyo zokuqhubeka. Ukutsheva okuphezulu akunakwenzeka ukwenza ingqiqo kwizibonelelo ezineprofayili zomthwalo osicaba, iintlawulo zemfuno ezingaphantsi kwe-$9/kW, okanye imiqathango emifutshane eseleyo yokuqeshisa.
Incopho yokutsheva imele isicwangciso-qhinga esinyanzelisayo ngokwasezimalini kuso nasiphi na isixhobo esijongene neentlawulo zemfuno emandla. Indlela yokulinganisa ukusuka kwizakhiwo ezincinci zorhwebo ukuya kwizakhiwo ezinkulu zemizi-mveliso, kunye namaxesha okuhlawula abhaliweyo kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithandathu. Njengoko iindleko zebhetri ziqhubeleka nokuhla kunye nezakhiwo zesantya sombane zikhula ngakumbi, ukutsheva komthwalo okwincopho kuyatshintsha ukusuka kumlinganiselo okhethiweyo wobuchule ukuya kwinto ebalulekileyo yolawulo lwamandla orhwebo.