Qhagamshelana nabavelisi be-BESS ngexesha lesigaba sokucaciswa kobugcisa beprojekthi yakho, ngokwesiqhelo kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ngaphambi komhla owufunayo wokusebenza kwezorhwebo. Eli xesha livumela abavelisi ukuba banike amaxesha okukhokela achanekileyo, isikhokelo sobugcisa, kunye namaxabiso ngelixa ugqibezela izifundo zonxibelelwano kunye nokucwangciswa kwendawo.
Isigqibo sexesha lokuzibandakanya nabavelisi benkqubo yokugcina amandla ebhetri sichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zokuthenga, ukufumaneka kwezixhobo, kunye namazinga empumelelo yeprojekthi. Finyelela kwangoko kakhulu, kwaye ubeka umngcipheko wokuchitha izixhobo kwiincoko zangaphambili ngaphandle kweemfuno eziqinileyo. Lindela ixesha elide kakhulu, kwaye udibana namaxesha awandisiweyo okukhokela, ukufumaneka kwezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo, okanye izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo zobuchwephesha ezibeka esichengeni ukusebenza kwenkqubo.
Izigaba zeProjekthi eziBalulekileyo eziQhagamshelana noMenzi weMiqondiso
Ulawulo lweSiza kunye noKusebenza kweGridi kuqinisekisiwe
Nje ukuba ukhusele ulawulo lwesiza ngokuqeshisa okanye izivumelwano zokuthenga kwaye ufumane iziphumo zokufunda zoqhagamshelo lokuqala, abavelisi be-BESS banokubonelela ngegalelo lobuchule elinentsingiselo. Kweli nqanaba, unedatha ebambekayo malunga nomthamo okhoyo, amanqanaba ombane, kunye neendawo zoqhagamshelo lwegridi ekufuneka abavelisi bacebise ngolungelelwaniso lwenkqubo olufanelekileyo.
Ngaphandle kwezi ziseko, iincoko zabavelisi zihlala zisithiyori. Umvelisi kufuneka azi ukuba uqhagamshela kwinqanaba losasazo okanye lothumelo, yintoni imida yakho yoqhagamshelo lwamandla, kwaye yeyiphi imiqobo yendawo ebonakalayo ekhoyo. Uhlalutyo lwe-Clean Energy Associates lubonisa ukuba malunga ne-50% yeziphene ze-BESS zivela kwinqanaba lokudibanisa inkqubo, okwenza ulungelelwaniso lobugcisa lwangaphambili kunye nabavelisi luyimfuneko kwiziphumo ezisemgangathweni.
Izicelo zoqhagamshelwano lwegridi zithatha iminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-4 ukugqiba kwiimarike ezininzi zase-US, ngokutsho kwabaphuhlisi. Nangona kunjalo, awudingi mvume yokugqibela yoqhagamshelo phambi kokuba uqhagamshelane nabavelisi. Iziphumo zophononongo lokuqala ezibonisa amanqaku anokwenzeka onxibelelwano zibonelela ngolwazi olwaneleyo kwiingxoxo zokuqala zobugcisa.
IiNkcazelo zobuGcisa zichazwe kwi-60 ukuya kwi-80 yepesenti
Abavelisi bazisa elona xabiso liphezulu xa uqikelele eyona meko yosetyenziso kunye neemfuno zenkqubo esisiseko. Oku kubandakanya ukwazi ukuba ngaba ufuna amandla okulawula amaza, amandla okucheba, okanye ukusebenza kwe-arbitrage yamandla. Isicelo ngasinye sifuna amandla awohlukeneyo -ku{3}}umlinganiselo wamandla kunye nobude bexesha lokukhupha.
Iinkcukacha zakho kufuneka zijongane:
Iimfuno zamandla kunye namandla: Inkqubo yolawulo lwamatyeli angafuna i-100 MW yamandla ngeyure nje enye yokugcina (100 MWh), ngelixa usetyenziso{3}}lokushenxiswa lufuna i-50 MWh kunye neeyure ezi-4 zogcino (200 MWh). Olu lungelelwaniso lwahlukeneyo lubandakanya iikhemistri zebhetri ezahlukeneyo, iinkqubo zokupholisa, kunye nezicwangciso zokulawula.
Ixesha ekujoliswe kulo: Iinkqubo eziyilelwe ixesha elifutshane-iinkonzo zexesha (phantsi kweeyure ezi-2) ziphucula ngokwahlukileyo kunokugcinwa{2}}kwexesha elide (4+ iiyure). Amaxesha okukhokela okwenziwa kwe-lithium iron phosphates aqhuba iiveki ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-16 ukusuka ekusayinweni kwekhontrakthi, kodwa ubumbeko obukhethekileyo bunokwandisa lo mgca wexesha.
Iziqinisekiso zokusebenza: Abavelisi bafuna ulindelo olucacileyo malunga -nohambo olunempumelelo, ubomi bomjikelezo, kunye namazinga okuthotywa. Inkqubo eqinisekisiweyo ye-70% eshiyekileyo yomthamo emva kweminyaka eyi-10 ixabisa ngaphezu kwesinye esiqinisekisiweyo nge-60%, kodwa esi sigqibo sichaphazela uqoqosho lwexesha elide{5}.
Kusekwe iQhinga lezeMali
Iikowuti zokuvelisa zifuna iimpendulo ezicacileyo malunga nesakhiwo sobunini kunye nemigaqo yokuhlawula. Ulwakhiwo lwemali yeprojekthi, amalungiselelo okulingana kwerhafu, kunye neemodeli zengeniso yabarhwebi nganye idala iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuthengwa kwempahla. Abavelisi be-BESS abaphambili bahlengahlengisa amaxabiso, imigaqo yewaranti, kunye neshedyuli yentlawulo esekelwe ekubeni bathengisela into eluncedo, umvelisi wamandla ozimeleyo, okanye umthengi worhwebo.
Ulwakhiwo lwemali lukwamisela amaxesha ewaranti awamkelekileyo kunye neziqinisekiso zokusebenza. Ababolekisi abaxhasa ngezimali iiprojekthi ze-BESS badla ngokufuna iziqinisekiso eziya kudlula ixesha lokuhlawula amatyala. U-Emily Sidhu ovela kwi-UK Infrastructure Bank uqaphela ukuba ukungaqiniseki kwengeniso kwiiprojekthi zebhetri kwenza ukuba ixesha lewaranti libe sisithintelo esibalulekileyo kwinkxaso-mali yeprojekthi, ehlala ifuna ukhuseleko olwandisiweyo lokuba abavelisi kufuneka bafake ixabiso ngokufanelekileyo.
Imiba ecacileyo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Abavelisi banokwandisa uyilo lwenkqubo xa beqonda imiqobo yeendleko. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-$ 500 / kWh luxhasa izisombululo ezahlukeneyo kune-350 / kWh ekujoliswe kuyo, kunye nokucaca kwangaphambili malunga neeparitha zemali kunceda abavelisi bacebise iinkqubo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho.
Ixesha leeNqobo zoQhagamshelwano eziqhuba ixesha loQhagamshelwano
IiBottlenecks zokuthengwa kweCandelo
Iiseli zebhetri zihlala zilelona lungu liqikelelwayo elinamaxesha okukhokela azinzileyo. Izithintelo ezibalulekileyo zenzeka kwenye indawo kwikhonkco lokubonelela. Kumboniso worhwebo we-RE+ 2023, iikontraka ze-EPC zichaze ukuba -iziguquli zevoltage eziphezulu zijongene namaxesha okukhokela kwiinyanga ezingama-32 ukuya kwezingama-36, xa kuthelekiswa neenyanga ezili-12 ngokwembali. Izaphuli zesekethe kwizitishi ezincinci ngoku zifuna iiveki ezingama-60 ukuya kwezingama-80 xa kuthelekiswa neeveki ezili-10 ukuya kwezingama-40 ngaphambili.
Ezi zixhobo zamaxesha zandisiweyo zithetha ukuba abavelisi bafuna isaziso seenyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-24 kusetyenziso olukhulu{2}}iiprojekthi zesikali. Umjikelo wokuthengwa kwempahla ngokwawo ufuna ixesha phambi kokuba umveliso uqalise, kwaye ulibaziseko oludityanisiweyo xa izinto ezihamba phambili ezininzi{4}}ezide kufuneka zifike ngokulandelelana ukuze zifakwe.
Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna isixhobo esisetyenziswayo -esikalini (ngaphezulu kwe-10 MW), qhakamshelana nabavelisi nje ukuba isicelo sakho soqhagamshelo singene kwisigaba sokufunda sezibonelelo. Oku kunika abavelisi ixesha elaneleyo lokugcinela umthamo wesiguquli kunye nokukhusela enye{3}}intsalela ekhokelayo{4}}ye{5}}yezixhobo zenkqubo.
Umthamo wokuVelisa kunye neNdawo yoMgceni
Abavelisi abakhulu be-BESS banikezela amandla okuvelisa kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ezizayo. Ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu, lo mgca uba nde ngakumbi. Abavelisi babeka phambili iikhontrakthi kunye nemihla yokusebenza yorhwebo oluqinileyo, iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zobugcisa, kunye nemiqathango yentlawulo ecacileyo.
Isikhundla sakho kumgca wokwenza izinto sichaphazela amaxabiso. Iiodolo zakwangoko zihlala zikhusela amaxabiso angcono kunye neefestile zokuhanjiswa ezikhethwayo. Iiodolo ezifike emva kwexesha zisenokuthi zibe neendleko zeprimiyamu zokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza okanye zinokujongana nemiqobo yokufumaneka kwesixhobo esilibazisa iiprojekthi.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yase-US ikwaphembelela ukubalwa kwexesha. Icandelo lama-301 amaxabiso kwiiseli zebhetri zaseTshayina zonyuke ukusuka kwi-7.5% ukuya kwi-25% ngo-2026, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuveliswa kwemveliso yasekhaya kukhuphisane ngakumbi kodwa kunokubanakho ukwandisa amaxesha okukhokela njengomgangatho wemveliso waseMelika. Abavelisi bafuna isaziso kwangethuba ukuze bajonge ezi zigqibo zekhonkco lonikezelo.
IiMfuno zoVavanyo lokuVunywa kweFactory
Ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho wongeza ixesha kwiishedyuli zokuthenga. Uvavanyo lolwamkelo lwasefektri luhlala lusenzeka kwiiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 phambi kokuthunyelwa, efuna ubukho beqela lakho lobuchwephesha kwiindawo zokuvelisa. Abanye abathengi baqhuba uhlolo lwemveliso engaphakathi kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso, kunyanzeleke ukuba kuthethwe nakwangaphambili.
Uphando lwe-Sinovoltaics lubonisa ukuba iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo ze-FAT ziqinisekisa umthamo webhetri, ukuphuma kwamandla, kunye -nohambo olufanelekileyo lokujikeleza phambi kokuba iinkqubo zithunyelwe. Ukutsiba okanye ukuleqa ezi mvavanyo ukuhlangabezana nexesha elimisiweyo lokwakha kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwintsimi kunye neengxabano zewaranti.
IsiGaba seProjekthi simisela iQhinga lokuBambisana
Usetyenziso-IiProjekthi zokulinganisa (10 MW nangaphezulu)
Iiprojekthi ezinkulu zithethelela kwaye zifuna ukubandakanyeka kwabakhiqizi kwangoko. Kwinqanaba eliluncedo, abavelisi basebenza njengamahlakani aphambili eprojekthi kunabathengisi bezixhobo. Babonelela ngenkxaso yobunjineli ngexesha lesigaba sokuyila, bancedisa ekuphuculeni iiplani zenkqubo, kwaye bahlala bethatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo zokufunda zonxibelelwano.
Qhagamshelana nabavelisi kwiinyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezi-24 ngaphambi kokusebenza kwezorhwebo kwezi projekthi. Lo mgca wexesha uvumela ukuntsonkotha kokusebenziseka{3}}iinkqubo zesikali, ezifuna ubunjineli besiko kwisayithi{4}}imeko ezithile, iinkqubo ezineenkcukacha zolawulo lwe-thermal, kunye nobuchule obunzulu bolawulo.
Utility{0}}iiprojekthi zesikali zikwaxhamla kwiinkqubo zokuthenga ezikhuphisanayo. Ukukhutshwa kwezicelo zeziphakamiso kubenzi abaninzi be-BESS kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-15 ngaphambi kokunikezelwa kwezixhobo. Eli xesha livumela abavelisi ukuba bangenise izindululo zobugcisa ezineenkcukacha ngelixa beshiya indawo yovavanyo, uthethathethwano, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwekhontrakthi.
UFakelo lwezoRhwebo noShishino (500 kW ukuya kwi-10 MW)
Phakathi-kumlinganiselo weeprojekthi zorhwebo zixhamla kuqhagamshelwano lomvelisi 9 ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-12 phambi kofakelo. Ezi nkqubo zihlala zisebenzisa isiqingatha-ulungelelwaniso olusemgangathweni olufuna ubunjineli besiko elingaphantsi kunelomsebenzi{5}}iiprojekthi zesikali kodwa zisafuna indawo{6}}umsebenzi woyilo olulodwa woqhagamshelo, udibaniso lombane, kunye nemiqobo yoncedo.
Ngesi sikali, abavelisi banceda ukukhangela iimfuno zonxibelelwano lwasekhaya, ezohluka kakhulu kwiinkampani zokuhambisa. Bakwabonelela ngegalelo elibalulekileyo malunga nokuba kuqwalaselwe iinkqubo zokuqina (ugcino lwamandla), imfuno yokunciphisa intlawulo, okanye zombini izicelo ngaxeshanye.
Ukuvelisa amaxesha okukhokela kwiinkqubo zorhwebo ngokuqhelekileyo ziqhuba mfutshane kunoncedo{0}}iiprojekthi zesikali, rhoqo iiveki ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-20. Nangona kunjalo, uyilo lofakelo kunye nemvume yongeza ixesha elininzi. Qhagamshelana nabavelisi ngelixa ugqibezela izifundo zombane zangaphambili zokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha zenkqubo zihambelana neendawo zoqhagamshelo eziluncedo ezikhoyo.
Ngasemva-kwe{1}yeMmitha yokuHlala kunye noRhwebo oluNcinci
Iinkqubo ezincinci (ngaphantsi kwama-500 kW) zikholisa ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezisemgangathweni ezinexesha elifutshane lokuthenga. Ezi projekthi zihlala zisuka kunxibelelwano lomenzi ziye kufakelo phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6, kuqikelelwa iimeko ezithe ngqo zesiza kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano oluluncedo lwentsebenziswano.
Nakwesi sikali, uthethathethwano lomenzi wokuqala lubonelela ngexabiso. Abavelisi bancedisa ekumiseleni ubungakanani besixokelelwano esifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwiiprofayili zomthwalo, bavavanye ukuba ingaba iziseko zombane ezikhoyo zifuna ukuphuculwa, kwaye zichonge naziphi na iingqalelo ezivumayo ezinokulibazisa ukufakela.
Iimpawu zesilumkiso Uqhagamshelane nabavelisi kade kade
IMida yoKudityaniswa kwemida eMngciphekweni
Uninzi lwezivumelwano zoqhagamshelo lubandakanya amanyathelo abalulekileyo okuthengwa kwezixhobo. Ukuphoswa kwezi ziganeko kunokubangela ilahleko yendawo emgceni okanye izohlwayo zemali. Ukuba isivumelwano sakho soqhagamshelo sifuna ubungqina bee-odolo zesixhobo kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-6 kwaye awukaqhagamshelwanga nabavelisi, ixesha lakho libekwe emngciphekweni.
Abaqhubi begridi baya befuna ngakumbi ukucaciswa kwezixhobo ezineenkcukacha ngexesha lezigaba zokufunda zoqhagamshelo lwamva. Xa abavelisi bengakwazi ukuzisa iikowuti ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo yokufunda, iiprojekthi zijongana nokulibaziseka komjikelo wokufunda otyhala umsebenzi worhwebo ubuyela emva kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12.
IiNgxowa-mali eziNyenzeko eziNgenelelayo
Izibophelelo zemali yeprojekthi ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka iimeko zangaphambili ezifuna izivumelwano zokubonelela ngezixhobo eziqinileyo. Ababolekisi bafuna ukuqiniseka malunga neendleko zezixhobo, iishedyuli zokuhanjiswa, kunye nemimiselo yewaranti ngaphambi kokukhulula imali yokwakha. Ukukrazula ukukhusela ucaphulo lomenzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvala imali yongeza umngcipheko ongeyomfuneko kunye noxinzelelo lwexesha.
Iimodeli zemali ezisetyenziselwa izigqibo zotyalo-mali zifuna amaxabiso ezixhobo ezichanekileyo. Uqikelelo lokuqala lomenzi luhlala lohluka kakhulu kumaxabiso ekhontrakthi yokugqibela. Uthethathethwano kwangethuba luvelisa iinkcukacha ezithembeke ngakumbi zeendleko ezomeleza imodeli yezemali kwaye zicuthe umngcipheko worhwebo kwakhona{2}}lorhwebo xa kuvela iindleko zokwenyani zesixhobo.
IShedyuli yoKwakha sele iSetiwe
Xa iishedyuli zeprojekthi zibuyisela umva-ixesha lobunjineli ngokuqala ngomhla omiselweyo wokushishina nokusebenza ngasemva, uqhagamshelwano lwasemva kwexesha lomvelisi ludala iimeko ezingenakwenzeka. Iikontraka zokwakha zifuna izibophelelo zokuhanjiswa kwezixhobo ukucwangcisa abasebenzi bofakelo, kwaye ukufumaneka kwezixhobo kufuneka kuhambelane neefestile zokwakha.
Oku kuba yingxaki ngakumbi kwimimandla enezithintelo zokwakha zamaxesha onyaka okanye apho abasebenzi bofakelo babhukisha iinyanga kwangaphambili. Into eluncedo{1}isikali BESS ifuna ubuchwephesha bofakelo obukhethekileyo, kunye neekontraka ezigqwesileyo zicwangcise umsebenzi kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 ngaphambili. Ukuba imihla yokuhanjiswa kwezixhobo ihlala ingaqinisekanga, ukucwangciswa kolwakhiwo kuba ngumbhodamo.
Ulwazi omaluLungise phambi koQhagamshelwano lokuqala
Izinto eziBalulekileyo zePakethe yoBugcisa
Abavelisi bafuna ulwazi oluthile ukunika iimpendulo ezinentsingiselo. Hlanganisa le datha phambi kokuba uqalise iincoko:
Iimpawu zesayithi: Iindidi zeqondo lobushushu le-ambiente, umphakamo, ulwahlulo lwezowuni yenyikima, kunye nemilinganiselo yeenyawo ekhoyo. Ezi parameters zichaphazela ngqo iimfuno zolawulo lwe-thermal, ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo, kunye nokuhlelwa kwenkqubo.
Iiparamitha zombane: Ivoltheji yoqhagamshelo, umbane okhoyo okhoyo, kunye nokuba ingaba isiza sinamandla amanqanaba amathathu. Ezi nkcukacha zimisela iinkcukacha ze-inverter kunye neemfuno ze-transformer.
Iimfuno zesicelo: Ingaba inkqubo ibonelela ngamandla okugcina, ithatha inxaxheba kwiimarike zentengiso, okanye isebenza imisebenzi emininzi ngaxeshanye. Iinkqubo ezininzi-zokusebenzisa zifuna ulawulo oluntsonkothileyo kwaye kaninzi zibiza ngaphezulu-kuhlengahlengiso lwenjongo enye.
Iimfuno zoLawulo kunye neKhowudi
Amagunya awohlukeneyo anyanzelisa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo kufakelo lwe-BESS. Abavelisi kufuneka bazi ukuba zeziphi iikhowudi ezisebenzayo kwiprojekthi yakho, kubandakanywa nemigangatho yokhuseleko lomlilo, iikhowudi zokwakha, kunye neekhowudi zombane. Iiprojekthi zaseCalifornia, umzekelo, kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno eziqinileyo zokhuseleko lomlilo ezichaphazela ukuyila inkqubo kunye neendleko.
Iziqinisekiso zamazwe ngamazwe zibalulekile kwinkxaso-mali yeprojekthi kunye ne-inshurensi. Chaza ukuba ufuna i-UL 9540, UL 1973, IEC, okanye izatifikethi zeCE. Abavelisi bagcina iipotfoliyo ezahlukeneyo zesatifikethi, kunye nokuqinisekisa iimfuno zesatifikethi kwangethuba kuthintela kade{4}}imiba yokuhambelana kwenqanaba.
Isakhelo seMimiselo yoRhwebo
Misela indlela oyithandayo yekontraka ngaphambi kokubandakanya abavelisi. Ngaba ufuna ikhontrakthi ye-turnkey EPC apho umboneleli omnye ephatha yonke into, okanye uceba iikhontrakthi ezahlukeneyo zobonelelo ngebhetri kunye nebhalansi{1}}yo{2}}yofakelo lwenkqubo? Esi sigqibo sibumba iincoko zabavelisi.
Imiqathango yokuhlawula nayo ifuna ukuqwalaselwa kwangaphambili. Izitraksha zentlawulo eqhelekileyo zibandakanya i-30% kwangaphambili xa kusayinwa ikhontrakthi, i-40% ekuvunyweni kovavanyo lokuvunywa kwefektri, i-20% ekuhanjisweni, kunye ne-10% yokugcinwa kude kube ngumyalelo wokugqibela. Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi banokunikezela ngolunye ulwakhiwo kumaqabane anamandla okuthenga ngetyala okanye iintlobo ezithile zeeprojekthi.
IiNzuzo zokuThenga Kwangethuba ezithethelela iinzame
Amathuba oPhuculo loYilo
Abavelisi abanokubonakala kweprojekthi kwangethuba banokwandisa uyilo lwenkqubo ngeendlela ezinciphisa iindleko ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza. Basenokucebisa ezinye iiplani ezicutha ilahleko yombane, bacebise ulungelelwaniso lwezixhobo ezinciphisa ibhalansi{1}}ye{2}}yeendleko zenkqubo, okanye ukuchonga izicwangciso zolawulo lobushushu ezicutha iindleko zokusebenza eziqhubekayo.
Olu lungiso alunakwenzeka xa abavelisi befumana izicelo zomzuzu wokugqibela-zekowuti ezisemgangathweni. Ngexesha lokuthengwa kwezixhobo kungxamisekile, iiparamitha zeprojekthi ziye zaqina ukuya kwinqanaba apho kuphela ulungelelwaniso oluncinci luhlala lunokwenzeka.
UkuNciphisa uMngcipheko weKhonkco lokuThenga
Ugcino-ndawo lwezixhobo kwangethuba lubonelela ngesithintelo ngokuchasene nokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lonikezelo. Xa amakhonkco obonelelo nge-lithium yehlabathi ejongene ne-COVID{1}}nokuphazamiseka okunxulumene ne-COVID, iiprojekthi ezinezibophelelo zezixhobo zangaphambili zigcina iishedyuli ngelixa ezinye zijongene nokulibaziseka. Abavelisi abanakwenza amacandelo esiko ngobusuku nje obunye, kwaye uthethathethwano kwangethuba lubonelela ngokhuseleko kuthintelo lonikezelo olungalindelekanga.
Oku kuncitshiswa komngcipheko kunabela ngaphaya kweebhetri ngokwazo. Ibhalansi-ye{2}}yezixhobo zesixokelelwano ezifana neziguquli, izixhobo zokutshintsha, kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa zihlala zijongana namaxesha amade kuneeseli zebhetri. Uthethathethwano lwakwangoko lomenzi luvumela ucwangciso lonikezelo olubanzi olulungisa zonke izinto ezinde{4}}eziphambili ngocwangco.
Iingqwalasela zeTekhnoloji yeEvolution
Itekhnoloji yebhetri iyaqhubeka nokuhambela phambili ngokukhawuleza. I-Lithium iron phosphate chemistry ngoku ilawula ukusasazwa okutsha ngenxa yeempawu eziphezulu zokhuseleko kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde xa kuthelekiswa ne-nickel manganese cobalt chemistries. Iibhetri zesodium -zivela njengeendleko{3}}ezizezinye ezisebenzayo kwizicelo ezithile, ngesodium-iion enkulu BESS (50 MW / 100 MWh) iqale ukusebenza ngo-2024 kwiphondo lase-China lase-Hubei.
Uthethathethwano lwakwangoko lomenzi lukuvumela ukuba uvavanye itekhnoloji evelayo ngokuchasene nokhetho olumiselweyo. Abavelisi banokuchaza ukuba zeziphi izinto ezintsha eziyimveliso{1}}elungile xa zithelekiswa zisaphuhliswa, ukunceda ulungelelanisa umngcipheko wetekhnoloji ngokuchasene nokusebenza okunokwenzeka okanye inzuzo yeendleko.
Xa i-RFPs esesikweni yenza ingqiqo
Ukudala uxinzelelo loKhuphiswano
Kwiiprojekthi ezingaphezulu kwe-20 MW, isicelo esisesikweni seenkqubo zesindululo sivelisa amaxabiso akhuphisanayo kunye nezisombululo zobugcisa ezibanzi. Ukukhutshwa kwe-RFPs 12 kwiinyanga ze-15 ngaphambi kokunikezelwa kwezixhobo, ukunika abavelisi i-4 kwiiveki ze-6 ukuba baphendule ngeziphakamiso ezicacileyo.
Kakuhle-ii-RFPs ezicwangcisiweyo ziquka ukucaciswa kobugcisa obucacileyo, iinqobo zovavanyo ezichaziweyo, kunye namaxesha okwenene eprojekthi. Bachaza ukuba ufuna izivumelwano-ezizinzileyo zexabiso okanye ulwakhiwo lwamaxabiso oluguquguqukayo olubotshelelwe kwiindleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada. Ukungafihli malunga neekhrayitheriya zovavanyo (ngokuqhelekileyo ubunzima 40% amandla zobugcisa, 30% ixabiso, 20% amava enkampani, kunye 10% iwaranti kunye nenkxaso) inceda abavelisi balungise izindululo ngokufanelekileyo.
Ezininzi-IiNkqubo zoVavanyo olujingisiweyo
Iiprojekthi ezintsonkothileyo zihlala zixhamla kwezimbini-ezingqukuva izakhiwo ze-RFP. Umjikelo wokuqala ugxile kwimiba yezemali (iindleko zeprojekthi, ukufaneleka kwetyala lomphuhlisi) kunye neenkcukacha ezisisiseko zobuchwepheshe. Umjikelo wokuqala ababhidi abakhethiweyo ukuba baqhubele phambili kumjikelo wesibini bafumana izimemo zokungenisa izindululo ezineenkcukacha zobuchwephesha kunye nenkxaso yobunjineli ebanzi.
Le ndlela yokwenza ngokwezigaba inciphisa umthwalo wovavanyo ngelixa iqinisekisa ukuba izindululo zokugqibela zibandakanya iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezicokisekileyo. Ukuthengwa kwe-Massachusetts' 1,500 MW BESS ngo-2025 kusetyenziswe olu lwakhiwo, ukwazisa umjikelo omnye okhethiweyo kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokungeniswa kokuqala kunye nokuvumela ezinye iinyanga ezintathu kwiziphakamiso ezineenkcukacha ezimbini.
Iimodeli ezingezinye zokuthethana
Ayizizo zonke iiprojekthi ezifuna ii-RFP ezisemthethweni. Iiprojekthi ezincinci okanye ezo zineemfuno zobugcisa ezikhethekileyo zinokuxhamla ekuzibandakanyeni ngokuthe ngqo nomenzi. Le ndlela isebenza xa uchonge abavelisi abathile abanobuchule bobugcisa okanye ubukho bejografi bulungelelaniswa neemfuno zeprojekthi.
Uthethathethwano oluthe ngqo lukwafanele iiprojekthi ezifuna amaxesha okwenziwa ngokukhawuleza. Ii-RFP ezisesikweni zongeza iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 kwiishedyuli zokuthenga, ezisenokungamkeleki{3}}ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso okanye ukutshintshwa kweeprojekthi ezinemihla emiselweyo.
Iiflegi eziBomvu Ngexesha lokuBambisana koMvelisi
Izibophelelo zoHambiso ezingacacanga
Abavelisi abathembekileyo banikezela ngamaxesha athile okukhokela kunye neentsuku ezicacileyo ezicacileyo. Lumkela abavelisi abanikezela ngezithembiso "ngokukhawuleza kangangoko" ngaphandle kweeshedyuli ezineenkcukacha zokwenziwa. Ukulibaziseka kwezixhobo kumela oyena nobangela wokutyibilika kweshedyuli yeprojekthi ye-BESS.
Cela amaxwebhu amandla okuvelisa abonisa iindawo zokubeka imveliso ezikhoyo. Abavelisi abakhulu bagcina iincwadi zokuodola iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18, kwaye iprojekthi yakho kufuneka ibe nendawo ecacileyo kulo mgca. Ngaphandle kokunikezelwa kwezakhono ezibhaliweyo, izithembiso zonikezelo azinakuthembeka.
INkxaso yobuGcisa elinganiselweyo
Abavelisi kufuneka babonelele ngezibonelelo zobunjineli ukuxhasa uphuhliso lweprojekthi. Oku kuquka ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo zophononongo loqhagamshelo, ukuphonononga uyilo lombane lwesiza, kunye nokunceda ekulungiseni ulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo. Abavelisi abanikezela ngamaxabiso amaxabiso kuphela ngaphandle kothethathethwano lobugcisa banokungabi nabunzulu bobuchule obufunekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo iprojekthi.
Inkxaso yobugcisa ibaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lesigaba sogunyaziso. Abavelisi kufuneka bazibophelele kwi{1}}nkxaso yesiza ngexesha lokuqaliswa kwenkqubo, babonelele ngoqeqesho kubasebenzi bokusebenza, kwaye banikeze iindlela ezicacileyo zokunyuka kwimiba yobugcisa. Ezi zibophelelo kufuneka zivele kwizivumelwano, kungekhona nje izithembiso zomlomo.
Iinkcukacha zeWaranti enganelanga
Ulwakhiwo lwewaranti yeeprojekthi ze-BESS zohluka kakhulu kubavelisi kunye nefuthe elithe ngqo kuqoqosho lweprojekthi. Iziqinisekiso eziqhelekileyo ziqinisekisa i-70% ukuya kwi-80% umthamo oseleyo emva kweminyaka eyi-10, kodwa iimeko eziqhotyoshelwe kwezi ziqinisekiso zibaluleke kakhulu.
Phonononga ukukhutshwa kwewaranti ngononophelo. Abanye abavelisi bazikhupha iziqinisekiso ukuba iisistim zingaphezulu kobalo lomjikelo wonyaka ochaziweyo okanye zisebenza ngaphandle kwamaqondo obushushu achaziweyo. Abanye babonelela nge-output-iziqinisekiso ezisekelwe (zilinganiswe nge-MWh zamandla ajikelezisiweyo) ezilungelelaniswa ngcono nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokwenyani. Ezi nkcukacha zimisela ukuba ngaba iziqinisekiso zibonelela ngokhuseleko olunentsingiselo okanye zikhona ngokweenjongo zokuthengisa.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Kukude kangakanani kwangaphambi kwexesha umsebenzi{0}}ukulinganisa iiprojekthi ze-BESS zikhusela ababoneleli bezixhobo?
Izinto eziluncedo{0}}ziiprojekthi ezikhuselekileyo zokubonelela ngezixhobo zokusebenza kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ngaphambi kosuku olufunekayo lonikezelo, ukubalwa kwamaxesha aphambili okwenziwa kweeveki ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-16 kunye nemijikelo eyandisiweyo yokuthengwa kwempahla ixesha elide{5}}elihamba phambili{6}lo{7}lamalungu enkqubo. Abaguquli bodwa banokufuna i-32 ukuya kwiinyanga ezingama-36 ukusuka kwi-odolo ukuya ekuhanjisweni ngokwedatha yeshishini le-2023, nangona iibhetri ngokwazo zinexesha eliqikelelwayo ngakumbi.
Ngaba ndingabandakanya abavelisi phambi kokugqiba izifundo zoqhagamshelo?
Ewe, uthethathethwano lokuqala lomenzi lunengqiqo xa sele unolawulo lwesiza kunye neziphumo zokufunda zoqhagamshelo lokuqala. Abavelisi banikezela ngegalelo elixabisekileyo lobuchwephesha ngexesha lenkqubo yoqhagamshelo, benceda ukulungelelanisa ulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo olusekwe kwimiqobo yoqhagamshelo lwegridi. Nangona kunjalo, ziphephe izibophelelo zokuthengwa kwezixhobo ezisesikweni de kube uqhagamshelo olunokwenzeka luqiniseke ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndinxibelelana nabavelisi kwangoko kakhulu kuphuhliso lweprojekthi?
Uthethathethwano nomenzi ongaphambi kwexesha luchitha imithombo kumacala omabini. Ngaphandle kweemfuno eziqinileyo zobugcisa, idatha yesayithi, okanye iziphumo zophononongo zoqhagamshelo, abavelisi banokubonelela kuphela ngolwazi oluqhelekileyo olunokuthi lungasebenzi kweyona projekthi yakho. Linda ude ugqibe uhlalutyo lokwenzeka kwesiza kwaye ube neziphumo zophononongo zoqhagamshelo lokuqala phambi kokuba uqalise iincoko zomvelisi ezibambekayo.
Ngaba abavelisi bahlawula iintlawulo zeziphakamiso zobugcisa kunye nenkxaso yobunjineli?
Uninzi lwabavelisi banikezela ngezindululo zokuqala zobugcisa kunye nenkxaso yobunjineli esisiseko njengenxalenye yenkqubo yabo yokuthengisa eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wobunjineli oneenkcukacha zesiko (ofana nemodeli egcweleyo yobushushu okanye izifundo ezikhethekileyo zokudityaniswa) unokufumana iintlawulo. Ukuseka ukuba inkxaso yobunjineli ibandakanyiwe okanye ihlawulwe ngokwahlukeneyo ngexesha leengxoxo zokuqala ukuphepha ukungaqondani.
Ukuqhubela phambili ngeProjekthi yakho ye-BESS
Abavelisi obakhethayo baba ngamaqabane{0}exesha elide kulo lonke uphuhliso lweprojekthi, ulwakhiwo, kunye nokusebenza. Khetha ixesha elinika abavelisi isaziso esaneleyo ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuba unolwazi olwaneleyo lokwenza izigqibo ezinengqondo. Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi, le ndawo imnandi yenzeka kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 phambi kokuba kusebenze urhwebo xa iinkcukacha zobugcisa zigqibelele kodwa ukuguquguquka okwaneleyo kusasele kubavelisi ukuba bafake igalelo leengcebiso ezifanelekileyo zokwandisa.
Landela umkhondo wenkqubela yakho yoqhagamshelo, ixesha lokuxhasa ngemali, kunye neshedyuli yokwakha ngokuchasene neemfuno zexesha lokukhokela komenzi. Yenza imida yangaphakathi yothethathethwano nomenzi olubalela ukuntsokotha okuthe ngqo kweprojekthi yakho kunye nesikali. Iiprojekthi ezingqamanisa ngokucwangcisiweyo ixesha lothethathethwano lomenzi kubuchule bobugcisa kunye nokulungela urhwebo zihlala ziphumeza iziphumo ezingcono kunezo zingxamela ukuthenga okanye ukulibazisa izigqibo zezixhobo kude kube lixesha loxinzelelo loxinzelelo.