U-Ah Uthetha Ntoni Kwibhetri? Amp Hour Ratings

Ndiphulukene nokubala kangaphi umxhasi endifowunele ebuza ukuba kutheni "ibhanki yebhetri ye-200Ah" iphelelwe yijusi emva kweeyure nje ze-3 xa izibalo zithe kufuneka zihlale 8. Impendulo emfutshane? Loo nombolo ka-Ah kwileyibhile ayithethi ukuba abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ithetha ukuthini.

U-Ah uthetha ukuthini ebhetrini?Imele i-ampere{0}}yure{1}}umlinganiselo wokuba ungakanani umbane otshajiswayo kwiivenkile zebhetri. Yicinge njengetanki yamafutha elorini. I-100-itanki yegalani ikuxelela umthamo, kodwa ayikuxeleli ukuba uzakuqhuba kude kangakanani. Oko kuxhomekeke kumthwalo owuthuthayo, umhlaba, imozulu, kwaye nokuba injini yakho sisibaso{7}}isiphusi okanye igesi egubungeleyo.

Iibhetri zisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ukukala kwe-100Ah kuthetha ukuba ibhetri inokuhambisa ngokwethiyori ii-amps ezili-100 ngeyure enye, okanye ii-amps ezili-10 ngeeyure ezilishumi, okanye i-amp e-1 ngeeyure ezilikhulu. Kodwa "ithiyori" yenza ukuphakamisa okunzima kwesi sivakalisi.

Nantsi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuye nabani na othengela indawo yokuthengisa iibhetri, inkqubo yogcino lwemizi-mveliso, okanye iprojekthi eluncedo: ukuqonda umsantsa phakathi kokushicilelweyo kwiphepha ledatha kunye noko kubonakala kwilizwe lokwenyani. Fumana oku kungalunganga, kwaye mhlawumbi uhlawulela umthamo ongasokuze uwusebenzise okanye ukrazule xa inkqubo yakho yogcino iphuma phakathi{1}}nokucima.

Izibalo zilula. Inyani Ayikho.

Ifomula esisiseko ayinakuba lula:

Ixesha Lokusebenza=Umthamo Webhetri (Ah) ÷ Umthwalo Wangoku (A)

Unayo ibhetri eyi-100Ah? Ukubaleka umthwalo we-10-amp? Ziiyure ezili-10 zexesha lokusebenza. Ugqibile.

Ngaphandle... hayi ngokwenene. Andizange ndiyibone ibhetri eneneni ihambisa umthamo wayo olinganiselweyo opheleleyo ngaphandle kwelabhoratri. Nasi isizathu sokuba le fomula iwela ngaphandle endle:

Ingxaki yexabiso lokukhupha

Abavelisi bebhetri bavavanya umthamo phantsi kweemeko ezithile -idla ngokucotha, ukukhutshwa okuthambileyo ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-20 (ebizwa ngokuba yireyithi C/20). Ibhetri yakho eyi-100Ah ifumene lo mlinganiselo ngokuzoba nje ii-amps ezi-5 kwiiyure ezingama-20 ngokuthe ngqo.

Kodwa inkqubo yakho yogcino ayizobi ​​ii-amps ezi-5. Izoba 50. Okanye 100. Kwaye xa utsala umsinga ngokukhawuleza, awufumani naphi na kufutshane nomthamo olinganisiweyo.

Iqondo lobushushu

Iibhetri ziyayicaphukela imozulu ebandayo njengam. Kubushushu obuqhaqhazelisa amazinyo, ungafumana kuphela i-70-75% yomthamo olinganisiweyo. Nge-20℃? Ujonge mhlawumbi isiqingatha.

Ndandinomthengi eMinnesota oye wachaza i-backup yabo ye-telecom yangaphandle ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwehlobo. I-snap yokuqala ebandayo, inkqubo ayiphumelelanga. Isifundo esixabisa kakhulu.

Umsantsa weKhemistri

Le yeyona inkulu, kwaye kulapho ndibona khona iimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu.

I-100Ah ekhokelayo -ibhetri yeasidi kunye nebhetri ye-lithium eyi-100Ah ayiyonto enye. Hayi kufutshane. Kufana nokuthelekisa i-100-yetanki yeegaloni kwi-sedan ngokuchasene ne-semi truck-inombolo efanayo, uluhlu olusebenzisekayo oluhluke ngokupheleleyo.

Kutheni iireyithingi ze-Acid kunye neLithium Ah zingenakuthelekiswa ngokuthe ngqo

Emva phayaa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1800, isazinzulu saseJamani esigama linguWilhelm Peukert safumanisa into engathandekiyo: ngokukhawuleza ukhupha ibhetri, amandla angaphantsi onawo uphuma kuyo. Izibalo zakhe zisasikhathaza nanamhlanje.

Nalu uguqulelo olusebenzayo: Ilead{0}ibhetri yeasidi inoxhathiso oluphezulu lwangaphakathi. Xa utsala umsinga onzima, amandla amaninzi ayachithwa njengobushushu ngaphakathi kwebhetri endaweni yokunika amandla izixhobo zakho. I-exponent ye-Peukert inika ubungakanani boku-lead{4}}iibhetri zeasidi ziqhele ukufumana amanqaku ka-1.2 ukuya ku-1.6, okuthetha ilahleko enkulu yomthamo phantsi komthwalo.

Iibhetri zeLithium? I-exponent yabo ye-Peukert ijikeleze i-1.02 ukuya kwi-1.05. Phantse ayinamsebenzi. Ufumana phantse umthamo olinganisiweyo opheleleyo nokuba utsala nzima kangakanani.

Inkcazo yetshathi: I-lead-ibhetri ye-asidi elinganiswe kwi-100Ah ihambisa kuphela malunga ne-55Ah xa ikhutshwe ngaphezu kweeyure ze-2 endaweni ye-20. Ibhetri ye-lithium ihambisa i-98Ah phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo. Ileyibhile efanayo, ukusebenza okwahluke kakhulu.

Kodwa iya iba mandundu kwi-lead-asidi. Kananjalo awukwazi ukusebenzisa umthamo opheleleyo ngaphandle kokubulala ibhetri.

nzulu-ukukhupha ibhetri{1}}yeasidi rhoqo ngaphantsi kwe 50% yesimo sentlawulo, kwaye uyakwenza bufutshane kakhulu ubomi bayo. Uninzi lwabavelisi bacebisa ukuba uhlale ngaphezulu kwe-50%-okuthetha ukuthi "100Ah" ibhetri yakho ikunika i-50Ah yomthamo osebenzisekayo.

Iibhetri zeLithium zibamba i-80-90% ubunzulu bokukhutshwa rhoqo, ezinye kunye ne-100%. Ibhetri yakho ye-100Ah lithium ihambisa i-80-90Ah yomthamo osebenzisekayo.

Makhe ndibeke amanani okwenene kule nto:

Ukalo luka-Ah olufanayo. Ibhetri ye-lithium ihambisa phantse kabini amandla asebenzisekayo.

Sibona oku kudlala rhoqo kwi-telecom kunye ne-retrofits ye-industrial. Iprojekthi yakutsha nje ibandakanya isikhululo socingo esikude ebesithembele kwi-400Ah enzima ekhokelayo-ibhanki yeasidi. Umsebenzisi ukhathazekile ngenxa yokuba ukwehla kwamandla ombane kuye kwabangela ukucutheka okuphantsi-kwevoltage emva nje kweeyure ezi-3 zamandla agciniweyo{6}okufutshane kakhulu kwiimfuno zabo zeeyure ezi-6.

Sithathe indawo yala bhanki inkulu safaka iimodyuli zerack ze-200Ah 48V LiFePO4 -ngokobuchwephesha sisiqingatha somthamo we-"nameplate". Isiphumo? Inkqubo entsha ibonelele ngeeyure ezi-5 zexesha elizinzileyo lokuqhuba ngenxa yokuba ayizange ihlupheke kwilahleko ye-Peukert phantsi komthwalo onzima wesayithi. Umxhasi ufumene ngaphezulu kwe 60% yokwenyani{8}yexesha lokusebenza kwihlabathi ukusuka kwinkqubo enobunzima obungama-60% ngaphantsi. Ngumahluko ke lowoukuqonda ukuba u-Ah uthetha ukuthini ebhetrikwithiyori xa kuthelekiswa noko ikunikezelayo ngokusebenza.

Ezo C-zireyisho kuMashidi athile ngokwenene zithetha ukuthini

Xa usimba kwiinkcukacha zebhetri, uya kubona umthamo odweliswe ngokwahlukileyo "C-amaxabiso." Le ayithengisi i-fluff{2}}ikuxelela kanye ukuba umenzi walivavanya njani inani.

I-C/20 ithetha ukuba ibhetri yakhutshwa ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-20. I-C/10 ithetha iiyure ezili-10. I-C/5 ithetha iiyure ezi-5.

Ukubanjiswa: abavelisi abohlukeneyo basebenzisa amaxabiso e-C-ahlukeneyo kwiinkcukacha zabo zentloko. Ezinye iimpawu zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali zivavanya kwi-C / 100 (ukukhutshwa kweeyure ze-100) ukukhupha iinombolo zabo ze-Ah. Ukuba ibhetri ye-100Ah ihlolwe kwi-C / 100? Inokuhambisa kuphela i-70Ah ngesantya seC/20 esisetyenziswa ngabavelisi beprimiyamu.

Phambi kokuthelekisa naziphi na iibhetri ezimbini, jonga umlinganiselo C-. Ukuba zahlukile, uthelekiso alunantsingiselo.

Ukujonga ingqondo ekhawulezileyo: ukuba ibhetri ikhangeleka ilungile kakhulu ukuba ingabanyani ngexabiso-nge{1}}Ah, jonga ukuba C{2}}ireyithi abayisebenzisayo. Uhlala ufumana ibhetri "yentengiso" yavavanywa phantsi kweemeko ezingafaniyo nesicelo sakho sokwenyani.

Ah vs. Wh vs. kWh: Ukufumana iiYunithi zakho ngokuthe tye

Oku kuhlalisa abantu rhoqo. Makhe ndiyicacise.

Ah (ampere-iiyure)ikuxelela umthamo wentlawulo-ubungakanani bangoku ngexesha elingakanani.

Wh (watt{0}}iiyure)ikuxelela umthamo wamandla-awona mandla asebenzisekayo engxelo yombane.

Uguqulo:Amandla (Wh)=Umthamo (Ah) × amandla ombane (V)

I-12V, i-100Ah igcina ibhetri ye-1,200Wh. I-48V, i-100Ah igcina ibhetri ye-4,800Wh.

Amatyeli amane ombane, aphindwe kane amandla-nangona zombini zisithi "100Ah" kwileyibhile.

Xa uthelekisa ucaphulo oluvela kubathengisi abohlukeneyo, soloko uguqulela kuWh okanye kWh. Ndibone amaqela okuthenga ngempazamo ayalela inkqubo engalunganga kuba athelekisa amanani e-Ah kuwo wonke amaqonga ombane ahlukeneyo.

Ireferensi ekhawulezayo yolungelelwaniso oluqhelekileyo:

Izicelo zokwenyani: Ukuthelekisa i-Ah kwiiMfuno zakho ezizizo

Ithiyori eyaneleyo. Masithethe malunga nokuba loluphi na umthamo owudingayo kwizicelo eziqhelekileyo zorhwebo nezoshishino.

Amandla ogcino lweMilayidi ebalulekileyo

Inkqubo yokulinganisa iqala ngophicotho lomthwalo wakho. Yintoni ekufuneka ihlale ibaleka ngexesha lokungabikho, kwaye ixesha elingakanani?

Nantsi indlela endihamba ngayo abathengi kuyo:

Inyathelo 1: Dwelisa wonke umthwalo obalulekileyo kunye nomzobo wayo wangoku

Ukukhanyisa ngexesha likaxakeka: 5A

Iinkqubo zokhuseleko: 3A

Inethiwekhi / izixhobo ze-IT: 15A

Ulawulo lwe-HVAC: 8A

Iyonke: 31A

Inyathelo 2: Misela ixesha elifunekayo lokuqhuba

Imfuneko eqhelekileyo: iiyure ezi-4 de ijenereyitha ikhabe ngaphakathi okanye igridi ibuye

Inyathelo lesi-3: Bala umthamo wesiseko

31A × 4 iiyure=124Ah ubuncinane

Inyathelo lesi-4: Faka{1}}izinto zehlabathi

Ukuba usebenzisa ilothe-iasidi ku-50% DoD: 124 ÷ 0.50=248Ah

Ukuba usebenzisa i-LiFePO4 kwi-80% DoD: 124 ÷ 0.80=155 Ah

Yongeza i-15% umda wokuguga: 285Ah (lead{2}}acid) okanye 178Ah (lithium)

Inyathelo lesi-5: Jikelezisa kwiisayizi ezikhoyo

Lead -asidi: 300Ah inkqubo

LiFePO4: 200Ah inkqubo

Isicelo esifanayo. Inkqubo ye-lithium incinci, ikhaphukhaphu, kwaye ihlala inexabiso eliphantsi kubomi bayo nangona ixabiso eliphezulu langaphambili.

Ukuchetywa kweNgxaki kunye nokuNcitshiswa kweMrhumo yeMbango

Ubalo olwahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Apha ulinganisa ngokusekwe kwi-spike yemfuno ekufuneka uyichebile kunye nobude bemfuno yefestile yakho.

Ukuba isixhobo sakho sifikelela iincopho ezingama-500kW ngexesha lefestile yeyure ezi-2 emva kwemini, kwaye ufuna ukucheba ama-200kW ukusuka kuloo ncopho:

Amandla afunekayo: 200kW × 2 iiyure=400kWh

Kwinkqubo ye-400V: 400,000Wh ÷ 400V=1,000Ah

Kodwa kwakhona kufuneka uphendule ngokusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter (~ 95%) kunye nobunzulu bemida yokukhupha. Okwenyani{2}}ubungakanani behlabathi bunokuba yi-1,200-1,300Ah kwi-400V.

Ubungakanani bokutsheva kakhulu kufuna ujonge ngaphaya kokalisho olulula lwe-Ah ukuya -C{1}}kwiqondo eliphezulu lokusebenza. Kutshanje sibeke ulwelo lwama-215kWh{4}}ikhabhathi epholileyo ye-C&I kwiziko lokuvelisa elijongene neentlawulo ezimandla zemfuno. Kwakufuneka bakhuphe ngokukhawuleza ukuze bathambise i-15 yemizuzu ye-spike yamandla rhoqo emva kwemini.

Ibhetri "yamandla{0}}yeseli" esemgangathweni inokuba ishushu ngokugqithisileyo okanye ifakwe amandla ombane phantsi kobo bukhulu. Ngokulinganisa inkqubo nge{2}}iiseli zokusebenza eziphezulu ezikwaziyo ukukhupha i-1C, sincede iziko licuthe iindleko zabo ezibangwayo malunga ne-$2,800 ngenyanga. Inkqubo izihlawulele kwisithuba nje seminyaka eyi-3.5 -hayi ngenxa yokuba inowona mlinganiselo uphezulu we-Ah ephepheni, kodwa ngenxa yokuba yayinokuzisa loo mandla xa igridi ibango iphezulu.

Ilanga + Iinkqubo zokuGcina

Xa ubhanqa iibhetri kunye nelanga, ulungelelanisa izinto ezimbini: ukugcina isizukulwana esaneleyo sasemini ukuze sigqume imithwalo yangokuhlwa, kunye nokuba nomthamo owaneleyo-ukumelana nosuku olunamafu.

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yorhwebo yesola{0}}kunye{1}}nogcino inobungakanani bebhanki yebhetri kwiiyure ezi-2-4 zomthwalo ophakathi. Ukuba isixhobo sakho siqhuba i-avareji ye-50kW ngeeyure zangokuhlwa kwaye ufuna iiyure ezi-3 zokugcina:

50kW × 3 iiyure=150kWh

KulaphoI-Polinovel yekhabhinethi yangaphandle izisombululo ze-BESSzihlala zingena kakuhle{0}ziyilelwe kanye olu hlobo lorhwebo lwesolar uhlanganiso, kunye namandla ukusuka 120kWh ukuya phantse 1MWh kuqwalaselo lwemodyuli.

Iiflegi eziBomvu xa Uvavanya ababoneleli bebhetri

Emva kweminyaka kolu shishino, ndiye ndaphuhlisa i-BS detector ethembekileyo yeespekthi zebhetri. Nantsi into omawuyibukele:

Umthamo uvavanywe ngexabiso elingekho ngqiqweni C-

Ukuba isihloko se-Ah inombolo yavavanywa kwi-C / 100 kodwa isicelo sakho siphuma kwi-C / 5, loo nto ayinamsebenzi kuwe. Cela idatha yomthamo ngesantya sakho esilindelekileyo sokukhupha.

Iinkcukacha zobushushu ezingekhoyo

Wonke umenzi osemthethweni upapasha umthamo wokunciphisa amagophe obushushu. Ukuba bakunika inani elinye ngaphandle komxholo wobushushu, bafihla into ethile.

Amabango obomi bomjikelo ngaphandle komxholo weDoD

"I-10,000 cycles" ivakala kakuhle de ube ufunda umbhalo ocolekileyo kwaye ufumanise ukuba kuku-50% ubunzulu bokukhutshwa. Kwi-80% ye-DoD, ibhetri efanayo inokugcina imijikelo ye-4,000 kuphela. Soloko ubuza: imijikelo kweyiphi i-DoD?

Akukho data ye Peukert ye lead -asidi

Ukuba umvelisi webhetri ekhokelayo-yeasidi akazukukuxelela i-exponent ye-Peukert okanye abonelele ngegophe lamthamo ngamaxabiso awohlukeneyo okukhupha, hamba. Bayazi ukuba amanani abo akhangeleka embi.

"Equivalent Ah" iireyithingi

Abanye abavelisi-ingakumbi kwisithuba se-lithium-basebenzisa "elinganayo Ah" ukalisho oluthelekisa ibhetri yabo nelethe{2}}asidi. Ibhetri ebhalwe "100Ah elingana" inokuba yi-50Ah. Ayikokuxoka kobugcisa, kodwa yenzelwe ukukubhidanisa.

Kwilebhu yethu yobunjineli, siqinisekisa ngokungqongqo yonke ibhetshi yeeseli ngaphambi kokuba ingene kwimodyuli. Sihlala sisala iiseli "zentengiso" ezibanga iireyithingi eziphezulu ze-Ah kodwa zisilele phantsi komthwalo. Umzekelo, mva nje sivavanye isampulu yeseli evela kumboneleli wangaphandle osebenze kakuhle kwi-1 amp (C/100) kodwa yawa ukuya ku-65Ah xa sitsale ii-amps ezingama-50 (0.5C){7}}umthwalo oqhelekileyo koomatshini boshishino.

Yiyo loo nto imigaqo-nkqubo yethu yedatha ingqongqo: sikala yethuamandla orhwebo BESSngokusekelwe kwimisinga esebenzayo yokwenyani, hayi izinto ezikhutshwayo. Ukuba umthengisi akayi kukubonisa igophe lokukhupha kwi-0.5C okanye i-1C, bafihla ukusebenza kokwenyani kwebhetri yabo.

Ubungakanani begridi{0}}Isikali kunye nesiqulatho BESS

Ukusetyenziswa{0}}iiprojekthi zesikali, asisathethi ngokalo lwe-Ah oluzimeleyo{1}sithetha malunga nomthamo odityanisiweyo we-MWh owakhiwe kumawaka eeseli.

Kodwaukuqonda ukuba u-Ah uthetha ukuthini ebhetrikwinqanaba leseli lisabalulekile, kuba ikunceda uvavanye uyilo lwenkqubo kunye neempazamo zokubamba.

Nantsi indlela izibalo ezisebenza ngayo kwisixokelelwano esinezikhongozeli eziqhelekileyo:

Ifomati yeseli eqhelekileyo yi-280Ah LiFePO4 iseli yeprismatic kwi-3.2V yegama.

Amandla ngeseli nganye: 280Ah × 3.2V=896Wh ≈ 0.9kWh

Kwisikhongozeli se-5MWh: 5,000kWh ÷ 0.9kWh=~5,556 iiseli ezifunekayo

Ezi seli zicwangciswe kwiintambo zochungechunge (ukwakha i-voltage) kunye neentambo ezihambelanayo (ukwakha umthamo). Ubumbeko oluqhelekileyo lunokuba:

Iiseli ezili-16 kuthotho=51.2imodyuli ye-V

Iimodyuli ezininzi kuthotho=400-800i-V rack

Iirekhi ezininzi ngokunxuseneyo=ekujoliswe kuko umthamo we-MWh

Xa uvavanya iikowuti ze-BESS ezinezikhongozeli, qinisekisa:

Iseli-inqanaba lika-Ah kunye nomenzi

Uthotho/uqwalaselo olunxuseneyo

Itotali yamandla ebalwayo ihambelana nomthamo obangwayo

Ukujikeleza -ubuchule bohambo (ngokuqhelekileyo yi-85-92%)

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuncedisayo (ukupholisa, i-BMS) okunciphisa umthamo osebenzisekayo

Iinkqubo ze-BESS zePolinovelukusuka kwi-3.85MWh ukuya kwi-5MWh+ kwisikhongozeli ngasinye, kusetyenziswa iiseli ze-LiFePO4 ngokukodwa kubomi bazo bomjikelo ophezulu kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal kufakelo oluphezulu{4}}loxinzelelo.

Owona Mmandla kwiBattery Ah Ukalo

Jonga,uthetha ukuthini uAh ebhetriniayintsonkothanga kwithiyori. Ngumlinganiselo womthamo wentlawulo. Phinda-phinda ngombane ukuze ufumane amandla. Yahlula ngomthwalo wangoku ukuqikelela ixesha lokusebenza.

Ukuntsokotha kuvela kuzo zonke zokwenyani-izinto zehlabathi ezikhukulisa amandla engcingane: iziphumo zeqondo lokukhupha, ukuncipha kweqondo lobushushu, ubunzulu-bemida yokukhupha, kunye nomahluko kwikhemistri.

Abathengi endisebenza nabo abaphepha iimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu ngabo:

Soloko uguqulela kwi-kWh esebenzisekayo, hayi i-nameplate Ah

Qinisekisa i-C{0}}ireyithi esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya umthamo

Faka iqondo lobushushu kunye nokwaluphala kwindawo yazo ethile

Ubungakanani bezinto eziluncedo ze-lithium kunokuphatha zonke ii-Ah zilingana

Cela abathengisi ngedatha ngokweemeko zabo zokusebenza, hayi iimeko zaselebhu

Yenza ezo zinto zintlanu, kwaye uya kuchaza iinkqubo ezisebenza ngokwenyani njengoko bekulindelekile.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Iimbekiselo

Peukert, W. (1897). "Über die Abhängigkeit der Kapazität von der Entladestromstärke bei Bleiakkumulatoren." Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift.

IYunivesithi yeBattery. "BU-503: Ubalwa njani ixesha lokuSebenza kwebhetri." batteryuniversity.com

IEEE 1188-2005. "I-IEEE eCetyisiweyo yokuSebenzisa ukuLondoloza, ukuVavanya, kunye noTshintsho lweebhetri zeVRLA kwizicelo ezimileyo."

IEC 61427{2}}1:2013. "Iiseli zesibini kunye neebhetri zokugcina amandla avuselelekayo-Iimfuno ngokubanzi kunye neendlela zokuvavanya."