I-ROI yogcino lwamandla kurhwebo yehla kumbuzo omnye: ingaba le sistim yebhetri ingabuyisela ixabiso layo ngokonga lokwenyani, oluqhubekayo-kwaye ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?
Oko kuvakala kulula, kodwa impendulo ixhomekeke kwizinto eziguquguqukayo uninzi lwabathengi abangathathi ntweni. Indawo eneendleko eziphakamileyo zemfuno kunye ne-spikes ebukhali yomthwalo wemva kwemini izakubona imbuyekezo eyahluke ngokupheleleyo kwisakhiwo esinosetyenziso olucaba{1}nokunye nehardware efanayo. Kulo lonke uvandlakanyo logcino lwentengiso, ezona mpazamo zikhulu zemodeli zihlala zingaphumi kukhetho lwezixhobo ezibi, kodwa ukusuka ekufundeni kakubi uluhlu lweerhafu okanye ukuqikelela ukuba ingakanani imfuneko yebhetri enokuthi iyichebe xa isebenza.
Esi sikhokelo sibandakanya indlela yokubala i-ROI yogcino lwebhetri ngokwenyani, elona xabiso labaqhubi libaluleke kakhulu, zeziphi iintlobo zamashishini adla ngokubona imbuyekezo eyomeleleyo, kwaye yintoni omawuyibukele kwizindululo zabathengisi ngaphambi kokwenza inkunzi.
I-ROI, i-Payback, kunye noLondolozo lweNyanga: Ayiyonto ifanayo
Buyela kutyalo-maliilinganisa imbuyekezo yemali iyonke ngokuchasene neendleko zizonke zeprojekthi kubomi bokusebenza kwale nkqubo.Ixesha lokubuyisela elilulaibuza ukuba mingaphi iminyaka yokonga ethathayo ukubuyisela utyalo-mali lwangaphambili.Ukongiwa kwetyala lenyangabonisa kufutshane-ifuthe lexesha lemali{1}}kodwa banokukhangeleka benomtsalane naxa imbuyekezo iyonke inde, ngakumbi ukuba inkqubo ibinobukhulu obugqithisileyo okanye uqikelelo lokuthunyelwa belunethemba eligqithisileyo.
Ukubhidanisa ezi metrics zintathu yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zogcino lweeprojekthi zentengiso zigwetywa kakubi. Iprojekthi inokuzisa ugcino olubonakalayo lwenyanga kwaye iqhubeke ne 8+ imbuyekezo yonyaka ukuba ixabiso lenkqubo beliphezulu okanye ixabiso lokubanjwa beliyinxenye. Ukuphonononga zontathu{3}}kunye necala eliphantsi{4}}kunika izigqibo{5}}abenzi umfanekiso ocace ngakumbi kunalo naliphi na inani.
Yintoni Eqhuba uQoqosho lokuGcinwa kwebhetri kwiiNdawo zoRhwebo?
I-Hardware ibalulekile, kodwa umrhumo kunye neprofayile yomthwalo ihlala ibalulekile ngakumbi. Nantsi imiba ebonisa ukuba ingaba augcino lwamandla orhweboIprojekthi inembuyekezo enamandla okanye edanisayo.
Zingakanani iintlawulo zeBango ezichaphazela iROI yoGcino?
Kuninzi lwezibonelelo zorhwebo, iintlawulo zemfuno yeyona nto inkulu yomqhubi wexabiso. Ai-NREL edibeneyo kunye nesifundo seQela laMandla acocekileyoehlalutye ngaphezulu kwe-10,000 yamaxabiso aluncedo yafumanisa ukuba iintlawulo zemfuno zikholisa ukuqala ukusuka kuma-30% ukuya kuma-70% etyala lombane lorhwebo. Uphononongo olufanayo luchonge malunga nezigidi ezi-5 zabathengi abarhwebayo e-US ngeentlawulo zemfuno phezulu okanye ngaphezulu komqobo apho ugcino lwebhetri lusebenza ngokwezoqoqosho.
Eyona nto yenza ukuba iintlawulo zebango zigqibeke bubume bazo: zisekwe kowona mzuzu uphezulu we-15{2}}uphezulu kwimizuzu ngexesha lokuhlawula, hayi umndilili wosetyenziso lwakho. Ivenkile yegrosari ebalekayo ukuhamba-kwizipholilezi iyazi ukuba lo mnyhadala wokuhamba ngebhayisikile wecompressor emva kwemini eshushu ngoLwesibini unokumisela intlawulo yemfuno yenyanga yonke. Ibhetri echeba eso spike esinye idala ukonga okuphinda umjikelo wokuhlawula.
Ixesha-lo{1}}lokusebenzisa iireyithi kunye nokuTshintyiswa komthwalo
Apho amaxabiso ombane ohluka kakhulu phakathi kweeyure eziphezulu kunye nokucima{0}ixesha eliphezulu, itoti yebhetritshintsha amandla ukusuka kumaxesha atshiphu ukuya kulawo abizayo. I-DOE{{1}uphando olufumana inkxaso-mali kwiLabhoratri yeSizwe yaseLawrence Berkeley ibonise ukuba kuluhlu oluthile lwerhafu kunye neenkqubo ezinde{2}}zexesha elide, ixabiso ukusuka kwixesha{3}}lo{4}}lokusebenzisa i-arbitrage inokuthelekiswa{5}}okanye kwezinye iimeko kudlule{6}}ugcino lwentlawulo yemfuno. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyilo lwamaxabiso ayisiyonto nje imvelaphi; inokuba lutshintsho oluthatha isigqibo.
ISolar Self{0}}Amaxabiso okusebenzisa kunye nokuThunyelelwa ngaphandle
Xa ishishini sele linazo{0}}kwisiza solar, ugcino lutshintsha uqoqosho kakhulu. Njengoko iimarike ezininzi zitshintsha ukusuka kwi-net metering ukuya kwi-net yentlawulo, i-solar ethunyelwa ngaphandle ifumana ixabiso elingaphantsi kunokusebenzisa{2}}kwisayithi. Ibhetri igcina intsalela yasemini kwaye iyikhuphe ngencopho yangokuhlwa -inyusa ixabiso le kilowatt nganye{5}}yeyure eziveliswa ziiphaneli zakho. Kwimimandla apho imbuyekezo yokuthumela ngaphandle yehle kakhulu ngaphantsi kwemilinganiselo yokuthengisa, umsantsa phakathi kwelanga{7} kuphela kunyeilanga-kunye-nogcinouqoqosho luya lusanda.
Inkuthazo kunye noNyango lweRhafu
EUnited States, iinkqubo ezizimeleyo zokugcina ibhetri zifanelekile kwi-Federal Clean Electricity Investment Tax Credit phantsiIcandelo 48E. Isiseko sekhredithi sisi-6%, esonyuka siye kutsho kuma-30% xa imivuzo ekhoyo kunye neemfuno zokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kuhlangatyezwana nazo. Ixesha-lokuphuma kwexesha libotshelelwe kamva ka-2032 okanye xa amandla ase-US-igesi ekhutshwayo yecandelo lobushushu iwela ngaphantsi komqobo ochaziweyo{9}}ubukho obuchanekileyo buxhomekeke kwiimeko zolawulo. Iinkqubo zenqanaba kunye nenkqubo{11}}zinokuphucula ngakumbi imbuyekezo.
Umgaqo omnye ofanele ukugxininiswa: inkuthazo kufuneka iphucule iprojekthi esele inengqiqo yokusebenza, hayi ukuhlangula ebuthathaka. Soloko ungumzekelo woqoqosho ngokubini kunye nangaphandle kwenkuthazo ngoko ke isigqibo asixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiintelekelelo zomgaqo-nkqubo.
Ubungakanani beNkqubo kunye noMgangatho wokuThunyelwa
Ibhetri encinci ishiya incopho-yexabiso lokucheba etafileni. Ubukhulu obugqithisileyo bongeza iindleko ngaphandle kogcino olulungelelanisiweyo{2}}ukuba iincopho ezingundoqo zigutyungelwe, ikWh nganye eyongezelelweyo yomthamo ivelisa imbuyekezo ecuthekayo. Kodwa olona tshintsho luphantsi kakhulu kuqoqosho lokugcina yinkqubo yolawulo lwamandla (EMS). Ibhetri -enobungakanani obungekho ngqiqweni bokuthumela inokungasebenzi kakuhle kakhulu, ngelixa isilawuli esiqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo sikhupha ixabiso elingakumbi kwihardware efanayo. Xa uphonononga isindululo, buza ukuba isicwangciso sokuthumela samiselwa njani kwaye kwenzeka ntoni xa imithwalo yokwenyani iphambuka kuqikelelo.
Zeziphi Iindidi zamaShishini aBona iMbuyiselo yeBattery eYomelele ngakumbi yoGcino?
Eyona mbuyekezo inamandla ikholisa ukubonakala apho ubume bomthwalo, ubume bentlawulo, kunye neshedyuli yokusebenza ihambelana nendlela ugcino oludala ngayo ixabiso.
Igrosari, ukuthengisa, kunye nokugcinwa okubandayoiisayithi ngabaviwa bendalo. Izicinezeli zesikhenkcezisi, iisistim zeHVAC, kunye nokuhamba-kwizikhenkcezisi zenza ezibukhali, eziphinda-phindayo ii-spikes ezifunwa yibhetri enokuzicheba ngokuqikelelwayo inyanga nenyanga. Ezi zibonelelo zihlala zineyona ntlawulo iphezulu yemfuno yokutyhileka nge-square meter nganye yalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesakhiwo sorhwebo.
Imveliso kunye nemizi-mveliso elulaizibonelelo ezinencopho egxininisiweyo yeziganeko-ezifana noomatshini be-CNC bahamba ngebhayisekile ekuqaleni kweshifti, okanye iinkqubo zomoya ezixinanisiweyo ngexesha lerempu yemveliso{1}}phezulu{2}}ingabona ugcino olungalinganiyo xa kuthelekiswa nobungakanani bebhetri. Xa iincopho ezibizayo zihlala imizuzu eyi-15-30 kuphela, kwanenkqubo ephakathi nendawo ibetha ngaphezulu kobunzima bayo.
Iiofisi, izikolo, kunye{0}}neekhampasi ezininzi zabaqeshibazuza kakhulu xa bedibanisa ugcino oluluncedo kunye neenjongo zokomelela. Ukuba ukucima kuphazamisa ukusebenza, amava omqeshi, okanye iinkqubo ze-IT, iityala leshishini lidlulela ngaphaya kwetyala lombane.
Apho ugcino luhlala lutsala nzima: iiprofayili zomthwalo osicaba ezingenazo iincopho ezicacileyo, amaxabiso aneendleko zemfuno eziphantsi okanye ezingekhoyo, amaxabiso okuthumela ngaphandle avumayo ngelanga asusa inkuthazo yokusetyenziswa, okanye imiqobo yesiza etyhala iindleko zofakelo zibe phezulu ngokungaqhelekanga.
Isakhelo esiLula sokuQikelela i-ROI yoGcino lwentengiso
Awudingi imodeli epheleleyo yezemali ukuze ufumane isikhokelo sokufunda malunga nokuba ukugcinwa kufanelekile na. Nalu ubuncinci besakhelo esisebenzayo:
Izimvo ozifunayo:Iinyanga ezili-12 zamatyala asetyenziswayo abonisa iindleko zemfuno kunye neentlawulo zamandla ngokwahlukeneyo; ishedyuli yakho yomrhumo (umlinganiselo wentlawulo yemfuno nge-kW nganye, amaxesha eTOU, nawaphi na amagatya eratchet); idatha yomthwalo wekhefu ukuba ikhona (imizuzu eyi-15 ilungile); kunye naziphi na iindleko ezibhaliweyo zokucinywa okanye iimfuno zokuqina.
Ingcinga yokubala engundoqo:
Ugcino lonyaka oluqikelelwayo=(Ukunciphisa intlawulo yemfuno enokubakhona × isantya serhafu × iinyanga ezili-12) + (ixabiso le-arbitrage TOU) + (Solar self{4}}yonyuso lokusetyenziswa, ukuba ikhona)
Imbuyekezo eqikelelweyo=Ixabiso lenkqubo yentsalela emva kwenkuthazo ÷ Ugcino lonyaka oluqikelelweyo
Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo:Akukho bhetri iphelisa ngokugqibeleleyo yonke imfuno yencopho. Okwenyani{1}ukuthunyelwa kwehlabathi kubandakanya uqikelelo olungafezekanga, ukungahambi kakuhle komthwalo ngamathuba athile, kunye nelahleko esebenzayo yenkqubo. Isicwangciso esilondolozayo kufuneka sicinge ukuba ibhetri ibamba ngokunentsingiselo ngaphantsi kokunciphisa imfuno yethiyori. Ireyithi yokubamba echanekileyo iyahluka ngokwesayithi -isakhiwo sentlawulo, ukuhluka komthwalo, kunye nomgangatho we-EMS zonke ziyayichaphazela. Xa umthengisi enikezela ngoqikelelo lokonga, buza ukuba yeyiphi ireyithi yokuthatha ecingelwayo kunye nokuba imbuyekezo inovakalelo kangakanani kukusilela kwe-20-30%.
Umzekelo: Indawo yokuthengisa efrijiweyo
Qwalasela -ubungakanani bendawo yokuthengisa enefriji kunye nemithwalo yokupholisa yasemva kwemini. Umthetho oyilwayo osetyenziswayo ubonisa ukuba iindleko zemfuno zimele malunga ne-40% yeendleko zombane zizonke, eziqhutywa yicompressor kunye ne-HVAC spikes ezigxininiswe phakathi kwe-2: 00 kunye ne-6: 00 PM. Isiza sikwanalo nophahla lwesolar, kodwa intshiyekela yasemini ithunyelwa ngaphandle ngeqondo elingaphantsi koko{8}}kunokonga ukusetyenziswa kwesiza.
Kulo hlobo lwemeko, ugcino lujongana nemijelo emibini yexabiso ngaxeshanye: icheba iincopho zemfuno yasemva kwemini (ukunciphisa eyona nto inkulu kumgca omnye kwi-bill) kwaye ibambe i-solar engaphezulu ukuze ikhutshwe kamva (ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kokuthumela ngaphandle kunye namaxabiso okuthengisa). Isiphumo esidityanisiweyo sesona senza ukuba iprojekthi isebenze{1}}akukho msinga wexabiso wodwa onokuthethelela utyalo-mali, kodwa xa bebonke bawela umda. Isiza esinemilo yomthwalo efanayo kodwa akukho ntlawulo yemfuno, okanye enembuyekezo efanelekileyo yokuthumela ngaphandle, isenokungaboni siphumo esifanayo.
Iimpazamo eziQhelekileyo eziGqwetha uQikelelo lweROI loGcino lwebhetri
Ekunene{0}ubungakanani ukusilela.Enkulu ayisoloko ingcono. Nje ukuba incopho yokuqala{1}}ithuba lokucheba ligutyungelwe, umthamo owongezelelweyo uvelisa imbuyekezo ecuthekayo. Tshatisa isixokelelwano nedatha yakho yomthwalo, hayi kwisayizi yemveliso eqhelekileyo yomthengisi.
Ukujonga iinkcukacha zerhafu.Elona xabiso liphezulu-ingxaki yexabiso isenokungabi kusetyenziso lulonke kodwa yi-15{3}}yemizuzu yemfuno ye-spike ebeka ibango lamatyala enyanga yonke. Amagatya eRatchet{4}apho incopho enye ephezulu itshixa kwiindleko eziphakamileyo kangangeenyanga ezininzi-inokwenza okanye iqhawuke ityala. Ukuba uhlalutyo aluna ngxelo yobu matshini, uqikelelo logcino aluthembekanga.
Ukuphatha zonke iikWh ezigciniweyo ngokulinganayo.I-kilowatt-iyure ekhutshiweyo ngexabiso eliphezulu{1}}kwifestile encochoyi ixabisa amaxesha amaninzi kunomnye okhutshiweyo{2}}ophezulu. Yiyo loo nto isicwangciso sokuthumela sichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwemali.
Ukungahoyi ukuthotywa.Iibhetri ze-LFP -ezona khemikhali zibalaseleyo kugcino lwentengiso{1}}zinikezela ubomi bomjikelo omde, kunye nabavelisi abaxhaphake beqinisekisa iinkqubo ze 10+ iminyaka yebhayisekile yemihla ngemihla. Kodwa amandla aphela ngokuthe ngcembe ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ukusebenza konyaka-10 akuyi kuhambelana nonyaka-1. YinyaniIxabiso le-BESS kunye nohlalutyo lwexabisokufuneka imodeli yokuhla kunokuba ithathele ukonga imali ngokungenasiphelo.
Ubalo lweendleko olungaphelelanga.Izixhobo zebhetri yinxalenye kuphela yeendleko ezifakiweyo zizonke. Ufakelo, uqhagamshelo, imvume, isoftware ye-EMS, kunye nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo konke kuchaphazela inani lokwenyani. Izindululo ezicaphula ihardware-kuphela amaxabiso aphantsi kolona tyalo-mali lufunekayo.
Yintoni omawuyibuze ngaphambi kokucela isindululo sokuGcina uRhwebo
- Zeziphi izinto zomgca kuluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo ezimele elona thuba libalulekileyo lokugcinwa kwexabiso?
- Ngowuphi umthamo webhetri engqinisiswa yidatha yowona{0}hayi obona bungakanani bemveliso obukufutshane?
- Zeziphi iintelekelelo zokuthumela kunye nokonga ezisetyenzisiweyo, kwaye imbuyekezo inovakalelo kangakanani kwintsilelo ye-20–30%?
- Ngaba uqoqosho luboniswa zombini kunye nangaphandle kwenkuthazo?
- Zeziphi iindleko ezibandakanyiweyo xa kuthelekiswa nokungabandakanywanga (uqhagamshelo, imvume, i-EMS, ulondolozo)?
- Ukuba ukomelela kuyinxalenye yenjongo, yeyiphi imithwalo ebalulekileyo egutyungelwayo kwaye ixesha elide kangakanani?
Nawuphi na umthengisi ongazimiselanga ukubonisa ubuntununtunu obusezantsi okanye achaze uqikelelo lwabo lokuhambisa ngendlela ecacileyo kufuneka aqhubele phambili ukuphononongwa.
FAQ
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukugcinwa kwebhetri yorhwebo ukuhlawula?
Intlawulo iyahluka ngokubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lweerhafu, amanqanaba entlawulo yemfuno, ukufumaneka kwenkuthazo, kunye nokuchaneka kobungakanani benkqubo. IiSayithi ezineendleko eziphezulu zemfuno kunye nezahluko ezinamandla ze-TOU zihlala zifikelela kwintlawulo ngokukhawuleza kunezibonelelo ezinemithwalo ethambileyo. Soloko uthelekisa imbuyekezo zombini kunye nangaphandle kwenkuthazo ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ngokwenene eqhuba imbuyekezo.
Yintoni ephucula i-ROI yokugcina ibhetri kakhulu?
Ukunciphisa intlawulo yemfuno ngokuqhelekileyo yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo neyona nto iqikelelwayo. Ixesha-lokutshintshwa komthwalo okusekwe, ukusetyenziswa kwelanga{2}}, kunye nokwandisa ukuthunyelwa ngobukrelekrele ngabanye abaqhubi abaphambili{3}}kwaye kwezinye iindawo zomrhumo, i-TOU arbitrage ingakhuphisana nemfuno yentlawulo yokonga.
Ngaba ukugcinwa kwebhetri kunengqiqo ngaphandle kwesola?
Ewe. Abaninziiinkqubo zebhetri yorhwebozithetheleleka ngokupheleleyo ngokutsheva okuphezulu kunye nolawulo lwamaxabiso. ISolar iphucula uqoqosho ngakumbi kodwa ayifuneki apho iintlawulo zemfuno zodwa zidala imeko yoshishino esebenzayo.
Ngaba ukuthotywa kwebhetri kuchaphazela ixesha elide-i-ROI?
Iya. Zonke iibhetri ze-lithium zilahlekelwa umthamo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nangona izinga lixhomekeke kwikhemistri, ubunzulu bokukhutshwa, ulawulo lwe-thermal, kunye neepatheni zokuhamba ngebhayisikili. Imodeli eyinyani ibalela ukuhla kancinci kancinci kunokuba kuqikelelwe ukonga okuthe tyaba kubo bonke ubomi benkqubo.
Ngaba kukho ifomula ye-ROI yokugcina ibhetri?
Kwinqanaba eliphezulu: ugcino oluqikelelweyo lonyaka (ukunciphisa intlawulo yemfuno + i-TOU arbitrage + solar self{2}}ukunyuswa kokusetyenziswa) yahlulwe ngexabiso lenkqubo emva kokuba inkuthazo ikunika imbuyiselo eqikelelwayo kwiminyaka. Umceli mngeni kukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo icandelo ngalinye{4}}elifuna idatha yomthwalo wokwenyani, uhlalutyo lweerhafu, kunye nentelekelelo yokuthunyelwa ekhuselekileyo kunomthetho{5}}we{6}}weepesenti zobhontsi.